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Semiconductor detectors in general have a dead layer at their surfaces that is either a result of natural or induced passivation, or is formed during the process of making a contact. Charged particles passing through this region produce…

A new computational model for the description of the photon detector response functions measured in conditions of low light is presented, together with examples of the observed photomultiplier signal amplitude distributions, successfully…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2018-03-14 Pavel Degtiarenko

Novel generation of silicon-based photodetectors are attractive alternatives to the traditional phototubes. They offer significant advantages but they present new challenges too. Presence of afterpulses may affect many characteristics of…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-03-06 Adam Para

Hybrid pixel detectors have a well-established array of applications ranging from particle physics to life sciences. The small dimensions of Timepix3 as well as its relatively low energetic expenses make it an intriguing option additionally…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-09-10 Radu-Emanuel Mihai , Benedikt Bergmann , Petr Smolyanskiy

A Python program has been developed which fits a published detector-response model to SiPM charge spectra to characterise SiPMs. Spectra for SiPMs illuminated by low intensity pulsed light with Poisson-distributed number of photons and a…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-01-30 Jack Rolph , Erika Garutti , Robert Klanner , Tobias Quadfasel , Joern Schwandt

Many scintillator based detectors employ a set of photomultiplier tubes (PMT) to observe the scintillation light from potential signal and background events. It is important to be able to count the number of photoelectrons (PE) in the…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-10-30 Kolahal Bhattacharya , Christopher Jackson

Multi-Pixel Photon Counter (MPPC) has been recently emerged and realized as a great type of Silicon Photomultiplier to replace or compensate for the conventional vacuum-based Photomultiplier tubes. MPPC provides many striking features such…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-06-17 N. H. Duy Thanh , N. V. Chi Lan , C. V. Son , T. V. Ngoc , P. T. Quyen , N. Khoa , N. T. Hong Van

Avalanche photo detection is commonly used in applications which require single photon sensitivity. We examine the limits of using avalanche photo diodes (APD) for characterising photon statistics at high data rates. To identify the regime…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 H. B. Coldenstrodt-Ronge , C. Silberhorn

With the decreasing sizes of integrated-circuit components, the semiconductor industry is in growing need of high-throughput strain mapping techniques that offer high precision and spatial resolution, with desired industry goals of…

Asynchronous single-photon LiDAR (SP-LiDAR) is an important imaging modality for high-quality 3D applications and navigation, but the modeling of the timestamp distributions of a SP-LiDAR in the presence of dead time remains a very…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-26 Weijian Zhang , Hashan K. Weerasooriya , Prateek Chennuri , Stanley H. Chan

In recent years, there has been a gradual increase in the performance of Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) cameras. These cameras have gained popularity as a viable alternative to charge-coupled device (CCD) cameras in a wide…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-03-18 Peng Jia , Chao Lv , Yushan Li , Yongyang Sun , Shu Niu , Zhuoxiao Wang

The increasing complexity of the recent photonic experiments challenges developing efficient multi-channel coincidence counting systems with high-level functionality. Here, we report a coincidence unit able to count detection events ranging…

Optics · Physics 2024-02-29 Josef Hloušek , Jan Grygar , Michal Dudka , Miroslav Ježek

Capturing depth and reflectivity images at low light levels from active illumination of a scene has wide-ranging applications. Conventionally, even with single-photon detectors, hundreds of photon detections are needed at each pixel to…

Applications · Statistics 2026-03-12 Dongeek Shin , Ahmed Kirmani , Vivek K Goyal , Jeffrey H. Shapiro

Recent years have shown an increased use of silicon photo-multipliers (SiPM) in experiments as they are of reasonable cost, have relatively low power consumption and are easily available in a variety of form factors allowing for a large…

Lidar with direct time-of-flight (dToF) technology based on single-photon avalanche diode detectors (SPAD) has been widely adopted in various applications. However, a comprehensive theoretical understanding of its fundamental ranging…

Optics · Physics 2025-10-09 Hao Wu , Shiyi Sun , Lijie Zhao , Yingyu Wang , Limin Tong , Linjie Shen

Single-photon detectors have achieved impressive performance, and have led to a number of new scientific discoveries and technological applications. Existing models of photodetectors are semiclassical in that the field-matter interaction is…

Optics · Physics 2018-03-28 Steve M. Young , Mohan Sarovar , François Léonard

Photon readout of plastic scintillators is investigated with the aim of improving the precision of neutron \b{eta} decay experiments. Neutron decay is nowadays studied with high statistics, based on up to 109 registered decay events, and…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-06-08 Dirk Dubbers

Spontaneous parametric down conversion has been largely exploited as a tool for absolute calibration of photon counting detectors, photomultiplier tubes or avalanche photodiodes working in Geiger regime. In this work we investigate the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 G. Brida , M. Chekhova , M. Genovese , M. L. Rastello , I. Ruo-Berchera

Quality control in molecular optical sectioning microscopy is indispensable for transforming acquired digital images from qualitative descriptions to quantitative data. Although numerous tools, metrics, and phantoms have been developed,…

Single-photon detectors based on avalanche photodiodes (SPAD) are key elements of many modern highly sensitive optical systems. One of the bottlenecks of such detectors is a afterpulsing effect which limits a detection rate and requires an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-23 M. A. Smirnov , N. S. Perminov , R. R. Nigmatullin , A. A. Talipov , S. A. Moiseev
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