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Identifying low-dimensional latent structures within high-dimensional data has long been a central topic in the machine learning community, driven by the need for data compression, storage, transmission, and deeper data understanding.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-28 Ye Tian , Sanyou Wu , Long Feng

When learning from positive and unlabelled data, it is a strong assumption that the positive observations are randomly sampled from the distribution of $X$ conditional on $Y = 1$, where X stands for the feature and Y the label. Most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-04 Fengxiang He , Tongliang Liu , Geoffrey I Webb , Dacheng Tao

Recent success of large-scale pre-trained language models crucially hinge on fine-tuning them on large amounts of labeled data for the downstream task, that are typically expensive to acquire. In this work, we study self-training as one of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-30 Subhabrata Mukherjee , Ahmed Hassan Awadallah

Labeled datasets are essential for modern search engines, which increasingly rely on supervised learning methods like Learning to Rank and massive amounts of data to power deep learning models. However, creating these datasets is both…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Sriram Vasudevan

We present a new flavor of Variational Autoencoder (VAE) that interpolates seamlessly between unsupervised, semi-supervised and fully supervised learning domains. We show that unlabeled datapoints not only boost unsupervised tasks, but also…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-15 Felix Berkhahn , Richard Keys , Wajih Ouertani , Nikhil Shetty , Dominik Geißler

Deploying deep visual models can lead to performance drops due to the discrepancies between source and target distributions. Several approaches leverage labeled source data to estimate target domain accuracy, but accessing labeled source…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-20 JoonHo Lee , Jae Oh Woo , Hankyu Moon , Kwonho Lee

Distance-based supervised method, the minimal learning machine, constructs a predictive model from data by learning a mapping between input and output distance matrices. In this paper, we propose new methods and evaluate how their core…

One paradigm for learning from few labeled examples while making best use of a large amount of unlabeled data is unsupervised pretraining followed by supervised fine-tuning. Although this paradigm uses unlabeled data in a task-agnostic way,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Ting Chen , Simon Kornblith , Kevin Swersky , Mohammad Norouzi , Geoffrey Hinton

Machine learning approached through supervised learning requires expensive annotation of data. This motivates weakly supervised learning, where data are annotated with incomplete yet discriminative information. In this paper, we focus on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-16 Vivien Cabannes , Francis Bach , Alessandro Rudi

Weakly labeled datasets such as AudioSet have driven recent progress in audio tagging. However, annotation quality varies across sound classes. Labels may be incomplete, ambiguous, or unreliable, which introduces class-dependent supervision…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-19 Yuanbo Hou , Zhaoyi Liu , Tong Ye , Qiaoqiao Ren , Jian Guan , Wenwu Wang , Stephen Roberts

In semi-supervised learning, the prevailing understanding suggests that observing additional unlabeled samples improves estimation accuracy for linear parameters only in the case of model misspecification. In this work, we challenge such a…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-03 Kai Chen , Yuqian Zhang

High-level Computer-Aided Process Planning (CAPP) generates manufacturing process plans from part specifications. It suffers from limited dataset availability in industry, reducing model generalization. We propose a semi-supervised learning…

In this work, we focus on the task of weakly supervised affordance grounding, where a model is trained to identify affordance regions on objects using human-object interaction images and egocentric object images without dense labels.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Peiran Xu , Yadong Mu

Contrastive learning has achieved remarkable success in learning effective representations, with supervised contrastive learning often outperforming self-supervised approaches. However, in real-world scenarios, data annotations are often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Zi-Hao Zhou , Jun-Jie Wang , Tong Wei , Min-Ling Zhang

We propose a meta-learning method for semi-supervised learning that learns from multiple tasks with heterogeneous attribute spaces. The existing semi-supervised meta-learning methods assume that all tasks share the same attribute space,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Tomoharu Iwata , Atsutoshi Kumagai

Although existing semantic segmentation approaches achieve impressive results, they still struggle to update their models incrementally as new categories are uncovered. Furthermore, pixel-by-pixel annotations are expensive and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-04 Fabio Cermelli , Dario Fontanel , Antonio Tavera , Marco Ciccone , Barbara Caputo

Understanding sleep and activity patterns plays a crucial role in physical and mental health. This study introduces a novel approach for sleep detection using weakly supervised learning for scenarios where reliable ground truth labels are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Matthias Boeker , Vajira Thambawita , Michael Riegler , Pål Halvorsen , Hugo L. Hammer

We investigate model based classification with partially labelled training data. In many biostatistical applications, labels are manually assigned by experts, who may leave some observations unlabelled due to class uncertainty. We analyse…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-04-08 Daniel Ahfock , Geoffrey J. McLachlan

Few-shot learning and self-supervised learning address different facets of the same problem: how to train a model with little or no labeled data. Few-shot learning aims for optimization methods and models that can learn efficiently to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-13 Spyros Gidaris , Andrei Bursuc , Nikos Komodakis , Patrick Pérez , Matthieu Cord

Deep learning based models have excelled in many computer vision tasks and appear to surpass humans' performance. However, these models require an avalanche of expensive human labeled training data and many iterations to train their large…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Yikai Wang , Li Zhang , Yuan Yao , Yanwei Fu