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We consider the task of training classifiers without labels. We propose a weakly supervised method---adversarial label learning---that trains classifiers to perform well against an adversary that chooses labels for training data. The weak…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-31 Chidubem Arachie , Bert Huang

We introduce an adaptive method with formal quality guarantees for weak supervision in a non-stationary setting. Our goal is to infer the unknown labels of a sequence of data by using weak supervision sources that provide independent noisy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Alessio Mazzetto , Reza Esfandiarpoor , Akash Singirikonda , Eli Upfal , Stephen H. Bach

In this paper, we propose a method for training neural networks when we have a large set of data with weak labels and a small amount of data with true labels. In our proposed model, we train two neural networks: a target network, the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-12-01 Mostafa Dehghani , Aliaksei Severyn , Sascha Rothe , Jaap Kamps

Neural network approaches have recently shown to be effective in several information retrieval (IR) tasks. However, neural approaches often require large volumes of training data to perform effectively, which is not always available. To…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-06-14 Hamed Zamani , W. Bruce Croft

The accurate labeling of datasets is often both costly and time-consuming. Given an unlabeled dataset, programmatic weak supervision obtains probabilistic predictions for the labels by leveraging multiple weak labeling functions (LFs) that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-07 Verónica Álvarez , Santiago Mazuelas , Steven An , Sanjoy Dasgupta

Deep learning has gained broad interest in remote sensing image scene classification thanks to the effectiveness of deep neural networks in extracting the semantics from complex data. However, deep networks require large amounts of training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Gianmarco Perantoni , Lorenzo Bruzzone

Programmatic weak supervision creates models without hand-labeled training data by combining the outputs of heuristic labelers. Existing frameworks make the restrictive assumption that labelers output a single class label. Enabling users to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-28 Peilin Yu , Tiffany Ding , Stephen H. Bach

High-quality labels are often very scarce, whereas unlabeled data with inferred weak labels occurs more naturally. In many cases, these weak labels dictate the frequency of each respective class over a set of instances. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Vinay Shukla , Zhe Zeng , Kareem Ahmed , Guy Van den Broeck

To reduce the human annotation efforts, the programmatic weak supervision (PWS) paradigm abstracts weak supervision sources as labeling functions (LFs) and involves a label model to aggregate the output of multiple LFs to produce training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Renzhi Wu , Shen-En Chen , Jieyu Zhang , Xu Chu

Training deep neural networks requires massive amounts of training data, but for many tasks only limited labeled data is available. This makes weak supervision attractive, using weak or noisy signals like the output of heuristic methods or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-12-08 Mostafa Dehghani , Aliaksei Severyn , Sascha Rothe , Jaap Kamps

Annotating datasets is one of the main costs in nowadays supervised learning. The goal of weak supervision is to enable models to learn using only forms of labelling which are cheaper to collect, as partial labelling. This is a type of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Vivien Cabannes , Alessandro Rudi , Francis Bach

Labeling training data has become one of the major roadblocks to using machine learning. Among various weak supervision paradigms, programmatic weak supervision (PWS) has achieved remarkable success in easing the manual labeling bottleneck…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Jieyu Zhang , Cheng-Yu Hsieh , Yue Yu , Chao Zhang , Alexander Ratner

Hierarchical text classification has many real-world applications. However, labeling a large number of documents is costly. In practice, we can use semi-supervised learning or weakly supervised learning (e.g., dataless classification) to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-26 Huiru Xiao , Xin Liu , Yangqiu Song

Semi-supervised learning is a setting in which one has labeled and unlabeled data available. In this survey we explore different types of theoretical results when one uses unlabeled data in classification and regression tasks. Most methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-31 Alexander Mey , Marco Loog

Contrastive learning has shown outstanding performances in both supervised and unsupervised learning, and has recently been introduced to solve weakly supervised learning problems such as semi-supervised learning and noisy label learning.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Jingyi Cui , Weiran Huang , Yifei Wang , Yisen Wang

In many real-world scenarios, obtaining large amounts of labeled data can be a daunting task. Weakly supervised learning techniques have gained significant attention in recent years as an alternative to traditional supervised learning, as…

We study generalization properties of weakly supervised learning. That is, learning where only a few "strong" labels (the actual target of our prediction) are present but many more "weak" labels are available. In particular, we show that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-21 Joshua Robinson , Stefanie Jegelka , Suvrit Sra

The high cost of pixel-level annotations makes it appealing to train saliency detection models with weak supervision. However, a single weak supervision source usually does not contain enough information to train a well-performing model. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-02 Yu Zeng , Yunzhi Zhuge , Huchuan Lu , Lihe Zhang , Mingyang Qian , Yizhou Yu

The expense of acquiring labels in large-scale statistical machine learning makes partially and weakly-labeled data attractive, though it is not always apparent how to leverage such data for model fitting or validation. We present a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-02-10 Maxime Cauchois , Suyash Gupta , Alnur Ali , John Duchi

We study the few-shot learning (FSL) problem, where a model learns to recognize new objects with extremely few labeled training data per category. Most of previous FSL approaches resort to the meta-learning paradigm, where the model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-08 Zejiang Hou , Sun-Yuan Kung