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According to Landauer's principle, erasure of information is the only part of a computation process that unavoidably involves energy dissipation. If done reversibly, such an erasure generates the minimal heat of $k_BT\ln 2$ per erased bit…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-01-20 Dmitri V. Averin , Jukka P. Pekola

We implemented an optical one-way potential barrier that allows ultracold $^{87}$Rb atoms to transmit through when incident on one side of the barrier but reflect from the other. This asymmetric barrier is a realization of Maxwell's demon,…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2009-06-20 Jeremy J. Thorn , Elizabeth A. Schoene , Tao Li , Daniel A. Steck

Recently, in a letter to Nature, del Rio et al.8 exploited the quantum viewpoint of the old but well-known thought experiment of Maxwell's demon, a tiny "man-machine" that processes only a single unit of information. In their work, they…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-01-21 Alexandre de Castro

The relation between entropy and information dates back to the classical Maxwell demon (MD) paradox, a thought experiment proposed in 1867 by J. C. Maxwell to violate the second law of thermodynamics. A variant of the classical MD is the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-06-03 Marco Ribezzi-Crivellari , Felix Ritort

Maxwell's demon was created with abilities to violate the second law of thermodynamics. But the demon always fell short of doing so because of the imposed restrictive condition that reads, the demon needs to do "work". Therefore, you can…

General Physics · Physics 2012-07-13 Andrew Das Arulsamy

The limit of energy saving in the control of small systems has recently attracted much interest due to the concept refinement of the Maxwell demon. Inspired by a newly proposed set of fluctuation theorems, we report the first experimental…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-02 L. -L. Yan , J. -T. Bu , Q. Zeng , K. Zhang , K. -F. Cui , F. Zhou , S. -L. Su , L. Chen , J. Wang , Gang Chen , M. Feng

We consider a feedback control loop rectifying particle transport through a single quantum dot that is coupled to two electronic leads. While monitoring the occupation of the dot, we apply conditional control operations by changing the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-05-09 Gernot Schaller , Javier Cerrillo , Georg Engelhardt , Philipp Strasberg

We propose a way to incorporate the effect of a specific class of feedback processes into stochastic thermodynamics. These "Maxwell demon" feedbacks do not affect the system energetics but only the energy barriers between the system states…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2012-08-27 Massimiliano Esposito , Gernot Schaller

Information engines, sometimes referred to as Maxwell Demon engines, utilize information obtained through measurement to control the conversion of energy into useful work. Discussions around such devices often assume the measurement step to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-02 Henning Kirchberg , Abraham Nitzan

We present a complete-quantum description of multi-particle Szilard engine which consists of a working substance and a Maxwell's demon. The demon is modeled as a multi-level quantum system with specific quantum control and the working…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-03-20 C. Y. Cai , H. Dong , C. P. Sun

We demonstrate highly filled 3D arrays of neutral atoms by moving individual atoms in a 3D optical lattice. Starting from a randomly half-filled 5x5x5 optical lattice of Cesium atoms, a sorting algorithm calculates and implements a sequence…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2018-09-13 Aishwarya Kumar , Tsung-Yao Wu , Felipe Giraldo Mejia , David S. Weiss

We study how correlations affect the performance of the simulator of a Maxwell's demon demonstrated in a recent optical experiment [Vidrighin et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 050401 (2016)]. The power of the demon is found to be enhanced or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-02-28 Angeline Shu , Jibo Dai , Valerio Scarani

We have simulated numerically an automated version of Maxwell's demon inspired by Smoluchowski's ideas of 1912. Two gas chambers of equal volume are connected via an opening that is covered by a trapdoor. The trapdoor can open to the left…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 P. A. Skordos , W. H. Zurek

This paper starts with the investigation of the behaviour of a set of two subsystems which are able to exchange some internal quantity according to a given flux function. It is found that this sytem exhibit a bifurcation when the flux…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Leconte , P. Evesque

We propose and analyze a possible implementation of Maxwell's demon based on a single-electron pump. We show that measurements of the charge states of the pump and feedback control of the gate voltages lead to a net flow of electrons…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2011-08-30 Dmitri V. Averin , Mikko Möttönen , Jukka P. Pekola

We describe a minimal model of an autonomous Maxwell demon, a device that delivers work by rectifying thermal fluctuations while simultaneously writing information to a memory register. We solve exactly for the steady-state behavior of our…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2012-08-10 Dibyendu Mandal , Christopher Jarzynski

Thought experiments like Maxwell's Demon or the Feynman-Smoluchowski Ratchet can help in pursuing the microscopic origin of the Second Law of Thermodynamics. Here we present a more sophisticated physical system than a ratchet, consisting of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-09-10 Simon Bienewald , Diego Marcel Fieguth , James R. Anglin

Information-driven engines that rectify thermal fluctuations are a modern realization of the Maxwell-demon thought experiment. We introduce a simple design based on a heavy colloidal particle, held by an optical trap and immersed in water.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-05-21 Tushar K. Saha , Joseph N. E. Lucero , Jannik Ehrich , David A. Sivak , John Bechhoefer

A Maxwell demon can reduce the entropy of a quantum system by performing measurements on its environment. The nonsignaling theorem prevents the demon from affecting the average state of the system. We study the preparations of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-19 Gang-Gang He , Fu-Lin Zhang

The birth, life, and death of Maxwell's demon provoked a profound discussion about the interplay between thermodynamics, computation, and information. Even after its exorcism, the demon continues to inspire a multidisciplinary field. This…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-13 A. de Oliveira Junior , Jonatan Bohr Brask , Rafael Chaves
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