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Tor is a communications infrastructure widely used for unfettered and anonymous access to Internet websites. Tor is also used to access sites on the .onion virtual domain. The focus of .onion use and discussion has traditionally been on the…
In the past decade, billions of user passwords have been exposed to the dangerous threat of offline password cracking attacks. An offline attacker who has stolen the cryptographic hash of a user's password can check as many password guesses…
In addition to visiting high profile sites such as Facebook and Google, web users often visit more modest sites, such as those operated by bloggers, or by local organizations such as schools. Such sites, which we call "Just Plain Sites"…
Background: Cyber offences, such as hacking, malware creation and distribution, and online fraud, present a substantial threat to organizations attempting to safeguard their data and information. By understanding the evolving…
In today's world, Web applications play a very important role in individual life as well as in any country's development. Web applications have gone through a very rapid growth in the recent years and their adoption is moving faster than…
Single-factor password-based authentication is generally the norm to access on-line Web-sites. While single-factor authentication is well known to be a weak form of authentication, a further concern arises when considering the possibility…
Malware constitutes a major global risk affecting millions of users each year. Standard algorithms in detection systems perform insufficiently when dealing with malware passed through obfuscation tools. We illustrate this studying in detail…
In this research paper, our intent is to outline different types of malware, their means of operation, and how they are detected in order to protect yourself against such attacks. Varied permission, and limited technical resources mean that…
In the wake of the arrival of digital media, the Internet, the web, and online social media, a flood of new cyber security research questions have emerged. There is a lot of money being lost around the world because of cyber-attacks. As a…
The distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack is detrimental to businesses and individuals as we are heavily relying on the Internet. Due to remarkable profits, crackers favor DDoS as cybersecurity weapons in attacking servers, computers,…
Advances in software virtualization and network processing lead to increasing network softwarization. Software network elements running on commodity platforms replace or complement hardware components in cloud and mobile network…
The growth in the adoption of the WebAssembly (WASM) standard has given rise to a rapidly increasing landscape of binary applications that are natively ported to the environment of websites. The flexibility of WASM has made it the preferred…
Web password recovery, enabling a user who forgets their password to re-establish a shared secret with a website, is very widely implemented. However, use of such a fall-back system brings with it additional vulnerabilities to user…
Recent web-based cyber attacks are evolving into a new form of attacks such as private information theft and DDoS attack exploiting JavaScript within a web page. These attacks can be made just by accessing a web site without distribution of…
Blockchain-based cryptocurrencies, such as Bitcoin, have seen on the rise in their popularity and value, making them a target to several forms of Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks, and calling for a better understanding of their attack…
Malware proliferation and sophistication have drastically increased and evolved continuously. Recent indiscriminate ransomware victimizations have imposed critical needs of effective detection techniques to prevent damages. Therefore,…
Securing the communication between a web server and a browser is a fundamental task of securing the World Wide Web. Websites today rely heavily on HTTPS to set up secure connections. In recent years, several incidents undermined this trust…
The protection of cyber Intellectual Property (IP) such as web content is an increasingly critical concern. The rise of large language models (LLMs) with online retrieval capabilities enables convenient access to information but often…
Information hiding techniques are increasingly utilized by the current malware to hide its existence and communication attempts. In this paper we highlight this new trend by reviewing the most notable examples of malicious software that…
Nearly 70% of information security threats originate from inside an organization. Opportunities for insider threats have been increasing at an alarming rate with the latest trends of mobility (portable devices like Laptop, smart phones…