Related papers: Empirical analysis of the variability in the flow-…
The fundamental diagram (FD), also known as the flow--density relation, is one of the most fundamental concepts in the traffic flow theory. It describes the relation between equilibrated flow, density, and speed in traffic flow.…
The relation between flow and density is an essential quantitative characteristic to describe the efficiency of traffic systems. We have performed experiments with single-file motion of bicycles and compare the results with previous studies…
Due to the complexity of the traffic flow dynamics in urban road networks, most quantitative descriptions of city traffic so far are based on computer simulations. This contribution pursues a macroscopic (fluid-dynamic) simulation approach,…
We study traffic flow on roads with a localized periodic inhomogeneity such as traffic signals, using a stochastic car-following model. We find that in cases of congestion, traffic flow can be optimized by controlling the inhomogeneity's…
Despite the importance of urban traffic flows, there are only a few theoretical approaches to determine fundamental relationships between macroscopic traffic variables such as the traffic density, the utilization, the average velocity, and…
Experimental studies on vehicular traffic provide data on quantities like density, flux, and mean speed of the vehicles. However, the diagrams relating these variables (the fundamental and speed diagrams) show some peculiarities not yet…
We study the relation between the average traffic flow and the vehicle density on road networks that we call 2D-traffic fundamental diagram. We show that this diagram presents mainly four phases. We analyze different cases. First, the case…
The central points of communication network flow has often been identified using graph theoretical centrality measures. In real networks, the state of traffic density arises from an interplay between the dynamics of the flow and the…
Traffic on a circular road is described by dynamic programming equations associated to optimal control problems. By solving the equations analytically, we derive the relation between the average car density and the average car flow, known…
Being widely adopted by the transportation and planning practitioners, the fundamental diagram (FD) is the primary tool used to relate the key macroscopic traffic variables of speed, flow, and density. We empirically analyze the relation…
This study investigates the dynamics of pedestrian crossing flows with varying crossing angles $\alpha$ to classify different scenarios and derive implications for crowd management. Probability density functions of four key…
The macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD) is a large scale description of the traffic in a urban area and relates the average car flow to the average car density. This MFD has been observed empirically in several cities but how its…
By means of microscopic simulations we show that non-instantaneous adaptation of the driving behaviour to the traffic situation together with the conventional measurement method of flow-density data can explain the observed…
From single vehicle data a number of new empirical results concerning the density-dependence of the velocity distribution and its moments as well as the characteristics of their temporal fluctuations have been determined. These are utilized…
Traffic flow at low densities (free traffic) is characterized by a quasi-one-dimensional relation between traffic flow and vehicle density, while no such fundamental diagram exists for `synchronized' congested traffic flow. Instead, a…
In this work, we propose an alternative stochastic model for the fundamental diagram of traffic flow with minimal number of parameters. Our approach is based on a mesoscopic viewpoint of the traffic system in terms of the dynamics of…
The fundamental relationship of traffic flow is empirically estimated by fitting a regression curve to a cloud of observations of traffic variables. Such estimates, however, may suffer from the confounding/endogeneity bias due to omitted…
The empirical relation between density and velocity of pedestrian movement is not completely analyzed, particularly with regard to the `microscopic' causes which determine the relation at medium and high densities. The simplest system for…
Based on the statistical evaluation of experimental single-vehicle data, we propose a quantitative interpretation of the erratic scattering of flow-density data in synchronized traffic flows. A correlation analysis suggests that the…
Fundamental diagrams describe the relationship between speed, flow, and density for some roadway (or set of roadway) configuration(s). These diagrams typically do not reflect, however, information on how speed-flow relationships change as a…