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Modern autonomous systems, such as flying, legged, and wheeled robots, are generally characterized by high-dimensional nonlinear dynamics, which presents challenges for model-based safety-critical control design. Motivated by the success of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-21 Max H. Cohen , Tamas G. Molnar , Aaron D. Ames

Safety is one of the fundamental problems in robotics. Recently, one-step or multi-step optimal control problems for discrete-time nonlinear dynamical system were formulated to offer tracking stability using control Lyapunov functions…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-04 Jun Zeng , Zhongyu Li , Koushil Sreenath

Control barrier functions (CBFs) are an effective model-based tool to formally certify the safety of a system. With the growing complexity of modern control problems, CBFs have received increasing attention in both optimization-based and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Lishuo Pan , Mattia Catellani , Thales C. Silva , Lorenzo Sabattini , Nora Ayanian

Useful robot control algorithms should not only achieve performance objectives but also adhere to hard safety constraints. Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) have been developed to provably ensure system safety through forward invariance.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Matti Vahs , Rafael I. Cabral Muchacho , Florian T. Pokorny , Jana Tumova

The backup control barrier function (CBF) was recently proposed as a tractable formulation that guarantees the feasibility of the CBF quadratic programming (QP) via an implicitly defined control invariant set. The control invariant set is…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-26 Yuxiao Chen , Mrdjan Jankovic , Mario Santillo , Aaron D. Ames

Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) provide a powerful framework for ensuring safety in dynamical systems. However, their application typically relies on full state information, which is often violated in real-world due to the availability of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-19 Vaishnavi Jagabathula , Ahan Basu , Pushpak Jagtap

Achieving safe autonomous navigation systems is critical for deploying robots in dynamic and uncertain real-world environments. In this paper, we propose a hierarchical control framework leveraging neural network verification techniques to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Luca Marzari , Francesco Trotti , Enrico Marchesini , Alessandro Farinelli

Guaranteeing safety for robotic and autonomous systems in real-world environments is a challenging task that requires the mitigation of stochastic uncertainties. Control barrier functions have, in recent years, been widely used for…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-31 Andrew Singletary , Mohamadreza Ahmadi , Aaron D. Ames

This paper presents a feasibility-enhanced control barrier function (FECBF) framework for multi-UAV collision avoidance. In dense multi-UAV scenarios, the feasibility of the CBF quadratic program (CBF-QP) can be compromised due to internal…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Qishen Zhong , Junlong Wu , Jian Yang , Guanwei Xiao , Junqi Wu , Zimeng Jiang , Pingan Fang

Safety is one of the most important properties of control systems. Sensor faults and attacks and actuator failures may cause errors in the sensor measurements and system dynamics, which leads to erroneous control inputs and hence safety…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-30 Hongchao Zhang , Zhouchi Li , Andrew Clark

The combination of control barrier functions (CBFs) and adaptive control -- a framework referred to as adaptive safety -- has proven to be a powerful paradigm for safety-critical control of nonlinear systems with parametric uncertainties.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-17 Mohammad Mirtaba , Max H. Cohen

In this paper we present the implementation of a Control Barrier Function (CBF) using a quadratic program (QP) formulation that provides obstacle avoidance for a robotic manipulator arm system. CBF is a control technique that has emerged…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Stephen McIlvanna , Nhat Nguyen Minh , Yuzhu Sun , Mien Van , Wasif Naeem

We consider the merging control problem for Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs) aiming to jointly minimize travel time and energy consumption while providing speed-dependent safety guarantees and satisfying velocity and acceleration…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-10 Kaiyuan Xu , Wei Xiao , Christos G. Cassandras

Safe navigation of autonomous robots remains one of the core challenges in the field, especially in dynamic and uncertain environments. One of the prevalent approaches is safety filtering based on control barrier functions (CBFs), which are…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Bojan Derajić , Sebastian Bernhard , Wolfgang Hönig

This paper develops a model-based reinforcement learning (MBRL) framework for learning online the value function of an infinite-horizon optimal control problem while obeying safety constraints expressed as control barrier functions (CBFs).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-10 Max H. Cohen , Calin Belta

Optimal control for safety-critical systems is often dependent on the conservativeness of constraints. Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) serve as a medium to represent such constraints, but constructing a minimally conservative CBF is a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-08 Tanmay Dokania , Yashwanth Kumar Nakka

The paper focuses on the design of a control strategy for safety-critical remote teleoperation. The main goal is to make the controlled system track the desired velocity specified by an operator while avoiding obstacles despite…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-21 Riccardo Periotto , Mina Ferizbegovic , Fernando S. Barbosa , Roberto C. Sundin

In this paper, a safety-critical control strategy for a nonholonomic robot is developed to generate control signals that result in optimal, obstacle-free paths through dynamic environments. We formulate the control synthesis problem as an…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-04 Nhat Nguyen Minh , Stephen McIlvanna , Yuzhu Sun , Yan Jin , Mien Van

Control barrier functions have been widely used for synthesizing safety-critical controls, often via solving quadratic programs. However, the existence of Gaussian-type noise may lead to unsafe actions and result in severe consequences. In…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-07 Chuanzheng Wang , Yiming Meng , Stephen L. Smith , Jun Liu

This paper presents a novel safe control framework that integrates Sliding Mode Control (SMC), High-Order Control Barrier Functions (HOCBFs) with state-dependent adaptiveness and a lightweight projection for collision-free navigation of an…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-01 Spyridon Syntakas , Kostas Vlachos