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The next generation of very-short-baseline reactor experiments will require compact detectors operating at surface level and close to a nuclear reactor. This paper presents a new detector concept based on a composite solid scintillator…

We present results from a detailed GEANT4 simulation of a proposed Muon Tomography System that employs compact Micro Pattern Gas Detectors with high spatial resolution. A basic Point-Of-Closest-Approach algorithm is applied to reconstructed…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2016-11-15 Kondo Gnanvo , Patrick Ford , Jennifer Helsby , Richie Hoch , Debasis Mitra , Marcus Hohlmann

We are designing an all-scintillator Compton gamma imager for use in security investigations and remediation actions involving radioactive threat material. To satisfy requirements for a rugged and portable instrument, we have chosen solid…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2009-06-28 L. E. Sinclair , D. S. Hanna , A. M. L. MacLeod , P. R. B. Saull

High-energy muons generated from cosmic-ray particle showers have been shown to exhibit properties ideal for imaging the interior of large structures. This paper explores the possibility of using a single portable muon detector in…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2016-05-06 K. Boniface , V. N. P. Anghel , A. Erlandson , G. Jonkmans , M. Thompson , S. Livingstone

The NUCLEUS experiment aims at measuring the coherent elastic scattering of nuclear reactor antineutrinos off nuclei using cryogenic calorimeters. Operating at an overburden of 3m.w.e., muon-induced backgrounds are expected to be dominant.…

Recent observations of changes in radioactive decay rates associated with the annual variation of the Earth-Sun distance, with solar rotation, and particularly with solar storms, suggest that radioactive decay rates may be responding to…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-02-14 Ephraim Fischbach , John T. Gruenwald

We propose a new type segmented antineutrino detector made of plastic scintillators for the nuclear safeguard application. A small prototype was built and tested to measure background events. A satisfactory unmanned field operation of the…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2012-09-24 Yasuhiro Kuroda , Shugo Oguri , Yo Kato , Ryoko Nakata , Yoshizumi Inoue , Chikara Ito , Makoto Minowa

Cosmic ray muons have emerged as a non-conventional high-energy radiation probe to monitor dense and large objects. Muons are the most abundant cosmic radiation on Earth, however, their flux at sea level is approximately 10,000 min^-1m^-2…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-01-05 Junghyun Bae , Stylianos Chatzidakis

Cosmic ray muon scattering tomography (MST) is an imaging technique that utilizes muon scattering in matter to inspect high-Z materials non-destructively, without requiring an artificial radiation source. This method offers significant…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-12-18 Zheng Liang , Zebo Tang , Xin Li , Baiyu Liu , Cheng Li , Jiacheng He , Kun Jiang , Yonggang Wang , Ye Tian , Yishuang Zhang , Zeyu Wang

Muon radiography often referred to as muography, is an imaging technique that uses freely available cosmic-ray muons to study the interior structure of natural or man-made large-scale objects. The amount of multidisciplinary applications of…

Muon Tomography (MT) based on the measurement of multiple scattering of atmospheric cosmic ray muons traversing shipping containers is a promising candidate for identifying threatening high-Z materials. Since position-sensitive detectors…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2009-06-25 Marcus Hohlmann , Patrick Ford , Kondo Gnanvo , Jennifer Helsby , David Pena , Richard Hoch , Debasis Mitra

Muon Tomography based on the measurement of multiple scattering of atmospheric cosmic ray muons in matter is a promising technique for detecting heavily shielded high-Z radioactive materials (U, Pu) in cargo or vehicles. The technique uses…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-11-26 Kondo Gnanvo , Leonard V. Grasso , Marcus Hohlmann , Judson B. Locke , Amilkar S. Quintero , Debasis Mitra

The Muon Scattering Experiment at the Paul Scherrer Institut uses a mixed beam of electrons, muons, and pions, necessitating precise timing to identify the beam particles and reactions they cause. We describe the design and performance of…

The effects induced by muons with very low energies are usually neglected. In fact, they could represent a source of radioactive background due to capture processes in different materials, which in most of cases produce radioactive…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2017-09-27 Ana Chiriacescu , Ionel Lazanu

The \emph{muX} project is conducting a series of muonic X-ray measurements in medium- and high-Z nuclei at PSI, utilizing a high-purity germanium detector array, in-beam muon detectors, and a modern digital data-acquisition system. A novel…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-08-25 Frederik Wauters , Andreas Knecht

The PSI low-energy $\mu$SR spectrometer is an instrument dedicated to muon spin rotation and relaxation measurements. Knowledge of the muon beam parameters such as spatial, kinetic energy and arrival-time distributions at the sample…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-10-19 Kim Siang Khaw , Aldo Antognini , Paolo Crivelli , Klaus Kirch , Elvezio Morenzoni , Zaher Salman , Andreas Suter , Thomas Prokscha

Worldwide several radiation sources contribute to the delivered dose to the human population. This radiation also acts as natural background when detecting radiation, for instance from radioactive sources. In this work a medium-size plastic…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2017-09-20 Luis Peralta

The underground muon detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory is aimed at attaining direct measurements of the muonic component of extensive air showers produced by cosmic rays with energy from $10^{16.5}$ eV up to the region of the ankle…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-01 A. M. Botti , F. Sánchez , M. Roth , A. Etchegoyen

As the multidisciplinary applications of cosmic-ray muons expand to large-scale and wide-area scenarios, the construction of cosmic-ray muon detector arrays has become a key solution to overcome the hardware limitations of individual…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-04-02 Yunsong Ning , Yi Yuan , Tao Yu , Hongyu Chen , Chengyan Xie , Hui Jiang , Hesheng Liu , Guihao Lu , Mingchen Sun , Yu Chen , Jian Tang