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Line-intensity mapping of the 21cm line is a powerful probe of large scale structure at z<6, tracing large-scale structure via neutral hydrogen content that is found within galaxies. In principle, it enables cost-efficient surveys of the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-05-20 Adrian Liu , Simon Foreman , Hamsa Padmanabhan , H. Cynthia Chiang , Seth Siegel , Dallas Wulf , Jonathan Sievers , Matt Dobbs , Keith Vanderlinde

HI intensity mapping (IM) is a novel technique capable of mapping the large-scale structure of the Universe in three dimensions and delivering exquisite constraints on cosmology, by using HI as a biased tracer of the dark matter density…

Intensity mapping experiments survey the spectrum of diffuse line radiation rather than detect individual objects at high signal-to-noise. Spectral maps of unresolved atomic and molecular line radiation contain three-dimensional information…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-19 Eric R. Switzer , Tzu-Ching Chang , Kiyoshi W. Masui , Ue-Li Pen , Tabitha C. Voytek

The H-alpha line emission is an important probe for a number of fundamental quantities in galaxies, including their number density, star formation rate (SFR) and overall gas content. A new generation of low-resolution intensity mapping…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-06-15 Marta B. Silva , Saleem Zaroubi , Robin Kooistra , Asantha Cooray

The evolution of large-scale structure, galaxies and the intergalactic medium (IGM) during the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) can be probed by upcoming Line Intensity Mapping (LIM) experiments, which sample in redshift and direction without…

Initial density distribution provides a basis for understanding the complete evolution of cosmological density fluctuations. While reconstruction in our local Universe exploits the observations of galaxy surveys with large volumes,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-11-28 Meng Zhou , Yi Mao

Using the 21 cm line, observed all-sky and across the redshift range from 0 to 5, the large scale structure of the Universe can be mapped in three dimensions. This can be accomplished by studying specific intensity with resolution ~ 10 Mpc,…

Observations of the high-redshift Universe with the 21 cm hyperfine line of neutral hydrogen promise to open an entirely new window onto the early phases of cosmic structure formation. Here we review the physics of the 21 cm transition,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Steven Furlanetto , S. Peng Oh , Frank Briggs

Intensity mapping has attracted significant interest as an approach to measure the properties of the interstellar medium in typical galaxies at high redshift. Intensity mapping measures the statistics of surface brightness as a function of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-02-20 E. R. Switzer , C. J. Anderson , A. R. Pullen , S. Yang

Intensity mapping -- the large-scale mapping of selected spectral lines without resolving individual sources -- is quickly emerging as an efficient way to conduct large cosmological surveys. Multiple surveys covering a variety of lines…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-22 Hannah Fronenberg , Adrian Liu

The Line Emission Mapper (LEM) is an X-ray Probe for the 2030s that will answer the outstanding questions of the Universe's structure formation. It will also provide transformative new observing capabilities for every area of astrophysics,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-04-14 Ralph Kraft , Maxim Markevitch , Caroline Kilbourne , Joseph S. Adams , Hiroki Akamatsu , Mohammadreza Ayromlou , Simon R. Bandler , Marco Barbera , Douglas A. Bennett , Anil Bhardwaj , Veronica Biffi , Dennis Bodewits , Akos Bogdan , Massimiliano Bonamente , Stefano Borgani , Graziella Branduardi-Raymont , Joel N. Bregman , Joseph N. Burchett , Jenna Cann , Jenny Carter , Priyanka Chakraborty , Eugene Churazov , Robert A. Crain , Renata Cumbee , Romeel Dave , Michael DiPirro , Klaus Dolag , W. Bertrand Doriese , Jeremy Drake , William Dunn , Megan Eckart , Dominique Eckert , Stefano Ettori , William Forman , Massimiliano Galeazzi , Amy Gall , Efrain Gatuzz , Natalie Hell , Edmund Hodges-Kluck , Caitriona Jackman , Amir Jahromi , Fred Jennings , Christine Jones , Philip Kaaret , Patrick J. Kavanagh , Richard L. Kelley , Ildar Khabibullin , Chang-Goo Kim , Dimitra Koutroumpa , Orsolya Kovacs , K. D. Kuntz , Erwin Lau , Shiu-Hang Lee , Maurice Leutenegger , Sheng-Chieh Lin , Carey Lisse , Ugo Lo Cicero , Lorenzo Lovisari , Dan McCammon , Sean McEntee , Francois Mernier , Eric D. Miller , Daisuke Nagai , Michela Negro , Dylan Nelson , Jan-Uwe Ness , Paul Nulsen , Anna Ogorzalek , Benjamin D. Oppenheimer , Lidia Oskinova , Daniel Patnaude , Ryan W. Pfeifle , Annalisa Pillepich , Paul Plucinsky , David Pooley , Frederick S. Porter , Scott Randall , Elena Rasia , John Raymond , Mateusz Ruszkowski , Kazuhiro Sakai , Arnab Sarkar , Manami Sasaki , Kosuke Sato , Gerrit Schellenberger , Joop Schaye , Aurora Simionescu , Stephen J. Smith , James F. Steiner , Jonathan Stern , Yuanyuan Su , Ming Sun , Grant Tremblay , Nhut Truong , James Tutt , Eugenio Ursino , Sylvain Veilleux , Alexey Vikhlinin , Stephan Vladutescu-Zopp , Mark Vogelsberger , Stephen A. Walker , Kimberly Weaver , Dale M. Weigt , Jessica Werk , Norbert Werner , Scott J. Wolk , Congyao Zhang , William W. Zhang , Irina Zhuravleva , John ZuHone

Line-intensity mapping (LIM) is emerging as a powerful probe of the high-redshift Universe, with a growing number of LIM experiments targeting various spectral lines deep into the epochs of reionization and cosmic dawn. A key remaining…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-29 Sarah Libanore , Julian B. Munoz , Ely D. Kovetz

The epoch of reionization (EoR), marking the Universe's transition from a neutral to ionized state, represents a pivotal phase for understanding the formation of the first stars and galaxies. Intensity mapping of atomic and molecular lines,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-12-17 Anirban Roy , Anthony Pullen , Patrick C. Breysse , Rachel S. Somerville

Line intensity mapping offers a new avenue for constraining cosmological parameters in the high redshift Universe. However measurements of the growth of structure, a sensitive probe of gravity, are affected by a well known degeneracy with…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-07-04 Emanuele Castorina , Martin White

The Epoch of Reionization (EoR) remains a poorly understood cosmic era for the most part. Yet, efforts are still going on to probe and understand this epoch. We present a review of the latest developments in the techniques (especially…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-26 Chandra Shekhar Murmu , Raghunath Ghara , Suman Majumdar , Kanan K. Datta

Hydrogen deuteride (HD) is prevalent in a wide variety of astrophysical environments, and measuring its large-scale distribution at different epochs can in principle provide information about the properties of these environments. In this…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-16 Patrick C. Breysse , Simon Foreman , Laura C. Keating , Joel Meyers , Norman Murray

One of the next decade's most exciting prospects is to explore the cosmic "dark ages," during which the first stars in the Universe formed, with the 21 cm line of neutral hydrogen. At z>6, this light redshifts into the low-frequency radio…

One of the toughest challenges in modern cosmology is to probe the small scales $k \sim 0.5\,$Mpc$^{-1}$ in the matter power spectrum and clustering. We show that such small scales will be accessible via upcoming line-intensity mapping…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-21 Sarah Libanore , Caner Unal , Debanjan Sarkar , Ely D. Kovetz

Massive stars are at the core of our observations of the Universe up to the reionization epoch, both through their intense ionizing fluxes and through the energetic end products that release fresh elements into the interstellar medium. Our…

Hydrogen 21-cm Line Intensity Mapping offers the unique opportunity to access the Dark Ages and trace the formation and evolution of the large scale structure of the Universe prior to star and galaxy formation. In this work we investigate…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-22 Elena Vanetti , Eleonora Vanzan , Nicola Bellomo , Alvise Raccanelli