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Semi-quantum key distribution protocols are allowed to set up a secure secret key between two users. Compared with their full quantum counterparts, one of the two users is restricted to perform some "classical" or "semi-quantum" operations,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-06-16 Wei Zhang , Daowen Qiu , Paulo Mateus

The quantum key distribution for multiparty is one of the essential subjects of study. Especially, without using entangled states, performing the quantum key distribution for multiparty is a critical area of research. For this purpose,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-27 Min Namkung , Younghun Kwon

We derive a proof of security for the Differential Phase Shift Quantum Key Distribution (DPSQKD) protocol under the assumption that Eve is restricted to individual attacks. The security proof is derived by bounding the average collision…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Edo Waks , Hiroki Takesue , Yoshihisa Yamamoto

Satellite-based quantum communication for secure key distribution is becoming a more demanding field of research due to its unbreakable security. Prepare and measure protocols such as BB84 consider the satellite as a trusted device, fraught…

We propose a continuous variable quantum key distribution protocol based on discrete modulation of eight-state coherent states. We present a rigorous security proof against the collective attacks considering both of realistic lossy, noisy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-06-23 A. Becir , F. A. A. El-Orany , M. R. B. Wahiddin

Cryptographic key exchange protocols traditionally rely on computational conjectures such as the hardness of prime factorisation to provide security against eavesdropping attacks. Remarkably, quantum key distribution protocols like the one…

The decoy-state high-dimensional quantum key distribution provides a practical secure way to share more private information with high photon-information efficiency. In this paper, based on detector-decoy method, we propose a detector-decoy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-21 Hai-ze Bao , Wan-su Bao , Yang Wang , Rui-ke Chen , Chun Zhou , Mu-sheng Jiang , Hong-wei Li

We propose a quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol that is carried out in an indefinite causal order (ICO). In QKD, one considers a setup in which two parties, Alice and Bob, share a key with one another in such a way that they can detect…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-08 Hector Spencer-Wood

We propose a new upper bound for the eavesdropper's information in the direct and reverse reconciliated coherent states quantum key distribution protocols with heterodyne detection. This bound is derived by maximizing the leaked information…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-02-17 Jerome Lodewyck , Philippe Grangier

Semi-quantum key distribution (SQKD) can share secret keys by using less quantum resource than its fully quantum counterparts, and this likely makes SQKD become more practical and realizable. In this paper, we present a new SQKD protocol by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-03-03 Wei Zhang , Daowen Qiu

In recent years, quantum key distribution (QKD) has evolved from a scientific research field to a commercially available security solution, supported by mathematically formulated security proofs. However, since the knowledge required for a…

We reply to the Comment made in arXiv:1107.4435v1 [quant-ph] (Phys. Lett. A \textbf{374} (2010) 1097) by noting some erroneous considerations therein resulting in a misleading view of the quantum key distribution protocol in question. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-10-07 J. S. Shaari , M. Lucamarini , Asma' Ahmad Bahari

Quantum Key Distribution is a quantum communication technique in which random numbers are encoded on quantum systems, usually photons, and sent from one party, Alice, to another, Bob. Using the data sent via the quantum signals,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-09-09 T. C. Ralph , N. Walk

Continuous-variable quantum key distribution exploits coherent measurements of the electromagnetic field, i.e., homodyne or heterodyne detection. The most advanced security proofs developed so far relied on idealised mathematical models for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-18 Cosmo Lupo , Yingkai Ouyang

The fabrication of quantum key distribution (QKD) systems typically involves several parties, thus providing Eve with multiple opportunities to meddle with the devices. As a consequence, conventional hardware and/or software hacking attacks…

The Goldenberg-Vaidman (GV) protocol for quantum key distribution (QKD) uses orthogonal encoding states of a particle. Its security arises because operations accessible to Eve are insufficient to distinguish the two states encoding the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-07 Preeti Yadav , R. Srikanth , Anirban Pathak

Security analysis is a critical part in any cryptographic protocol, may it be classical or quantum. Without security analysis, one cannot ensure the secrecy of the distributed keys. To perform a conclusive security analysis, it is very…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-19 Sawan Bhattacharyya , Turbasu Chatterjee , Pankaj Agrawal , Prasenjit Deb

Quantum key distribution provides secure keys with information-theoretic security ensured by the principle of quantum mechanics. The continuous-variable version of quantum key distribution using coherent states offers the advantages of its…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-09 Yichen Zhang , Yiming Bian , Zhengyu Li , Song Yu , Hong Guo

Intrinsic quantum correlations of weak coherent states are observed between two parties through a novel detection scheme, which can be used as a supplement to the existence decoy-state BB84 and differential phase-shift quantum key…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-02-10 Yong Meng Sua , Erin Scanlon , Travis Beaulieu , Viktor Bollen , Kim Fook Lee

The security of the previous quantum key distribution protocols, which is guaranteed by the nature of physics law, is based on the legitimate users. However, the impersonation of Alice or Bob by eavesdropper, in practice. will be existed in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Guihua Zeng