English
Related papers

Related papers: Incentives in Ethereum's Hybrid Casper Protocol

200 papers

The long-term success of cryptocurrencies largely depends on the incentive compatibility provided to the validators. Bribery attacks, facilitated trustlessly via smart contracts, threaten this foundation. This work introduces, implements,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Bence Soóki-Tóth , István András Seres , Kamilla Kara , Ábel Nagy , Balázs Pejó , Gergely Biczók

Classic Byzantine fault-tolerant consensus protocols forfeit liveness in the face of asynchrony in order to preserve safety, whereas most deployed blockchain protocols forfeit safety in order to remain live. In this work, we achieve the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-07-06 Alistair Stewart , Eleftherios Kokoris-Kogia

Ethereum smart contracts are highly powerful, immutable, and able to retain massive amounts of tokens. However, smart contracts keep attracting attackers to benefit from smart contract flaws and Ethereum unexpected behavior. Thus,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Wejdene Haouari , Abdelhakim Senhaji Hafid , Marios Fokaefs

Off-chain protocols constitute one of the most promising approaches to solve the inherent scalability issue of blockchain technologies. The core idea is to let parties transact on-chain only once to establish a channel between them,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Sophie Rain , Georgia Avarikioti , Laura Kovács , Matteo Maffei

Ethereum is a decentralized Blockchain system that supports the execution of Turing-complete smart contracts. Although the security of the Ethereum ecosystem has been studied in the past, the network layer has been mostly neglected. We show…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-08-28 Sebastian Henningsen , Daniel Teunis , Martin Florian , Björn Scheuermann

As the significance of blockchain innovation grows and the focus on scalability intensifies, rollup technology has emerged as a promising approach to tackle these scalability concerns. Nonetheless, rollups encounter restrictions when…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Hyun Jeong , Hyemin Lee

Phishing detection on Ethereum has increasingly leveraged advanced machine learning techniques to identify fraudulent transactions. However, limited attention has been given to understanding the effectiveness of feature selection strategies…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Ahod Alghuried , Abdulaziz Alghamdi , Ali Alkinoon , Soohyeon Choi , Manar Mohaisen , David Mohaisen

The exploitation of smart-contract vulnerabilities can have catastrophic consequences such as the loss of millions of pounds worth of crypto assets. Formal verification can be a useful tool in identifying vulnerabilities and proving that…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2020-02-10 Pedro Antonino , A. W. Roscoe

The Optimism Retroactive Project Funding (RetroPGF) is a key initiative within the blockchain ecosystem that retroactively rewards projects deemed valuable to the Ethereum and Optimism communities. Managed by the Optimism Collective, a…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Eyal Briman , Nimrod Talmon , Angela Kreitenweis , Muhammad Idrees

A hard-fork reconfiguration of the peer to peer Bitcoin network is described that substitutes tamper-evident logs and proof-of-stake consensus for proof-of-work consensus. The block creation rewards and transaction fees are reallocated to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2014-05-23 Stephen L. Reed

The educational system manages extensive documentation and paperwork, which can lead to human errors and sometimes abuse or fraud, such as the falsification of diplomas, certificates or other credentials. In fact, in the last years,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Gabriel Fernández-Blanco , Iván Froiz-Míguez , Paula Fraga-Lamas , Tiago M. Fernández-Caramés

Testing is an important technique to improve the quality of Ethereum smart contract programs. However, current work on testing smart contract only focus on static problems of smart contract programs. A data flow oriented test case…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Pengcheng Zhang , Jianan Yu , Shunhui Ji

Modern public blockchains like Ethereum rely on p2p networks to run distributed and censorship-resistant applications. With its wide adoption, it operates as a highly critical public ledger. On its transition to become more scalable and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Mikel Cortes-Goicoechea , Tarun Mohandas-Daryanani , Jose Luis Munoz-Tapia , Leonardo Bautista-Gomez

Cryptographic interactive proof systems provide an efficient and scalable means of verifying the results of computation on blockchain. A prover constructs a proof, off-chain, that the execution of a program on a given input terminates with…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-16 Jeremy Avigad , Lior Goldberg , David Levit , Yoav Seginer , Alon Titelman

The development of quantum information platforms such as quantum computers and quantum simulators that will rival classical Turing computations are typically viewed as a threat to secure data transmissions and therefore to crypto-systems…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-01 Kirill P. Kalinin , Natalia G. Berloff

Security bugs and trapdoors in smart contracts have been impacting the Ethereum community since its inception. Conceptually, the 1.45-million Ethereum's contracts form a single "gigantic program" whose behaviors are determined by the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Thomas Ball , Nikolaj S. Bjørner , Ashley J. Chen , Shuo Chen , Yang Chen , Zhongxin Guo , Tzu-Han Hsu , Peng Liu , Nanqing Luo

The availability-finality dilemma says that blockchain protocols cannot be both available under dynamic participation and safe under network partition. Snap-and-chat protocols have recently been proposed as a resolution to this dilemma. A…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-21 Joachim Neu , Ertem Nusret Tas , David Tse

\abstract{\textbf{Purpose:} This study addresses the lack of trust in ethical product labels by designing a blockchain platform grounded in the TAFES principles (Transparency, Accountability, Fairness, Ethics, Safety). It aims to bridge the…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Nadia Dahmani , Peihao Li , Ravi S. Sharma

Smart contract is one of the core features of Ethereum and has inspired many blockchain descendants. Since its advent, the verification paradigm of smart contract has been improving toward high scalability. It shifts from the expensive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Zihan Zheng , Peichen Xie , Xian Zhang , Shuo Chen , Yang Chen , Xiaobing Guo , Guangzhong Sun , Guangyu Sun , Lidong Zhou

Motivated by the great success and adoption of Bitcoin, a number of cryptocurrencies such as Litecoin, Dogecoin, and Ethereum are becoming increasingly popular. Although existing blockchain-based cryptocurrency schemes can ensure reasonable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-12-02 Jian Liu , Wenting Li , Ghassan O. Karame , N. Asokan