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Dempster-Shafer theory of imprecise probabilities has proved useful to incorporate both nonspecificity and conflict uncertainties in an inference mechanism. The traditional Bayesian approach cannot differentiate between the two, and is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-03-20 Sari Haj Hussein

In this paper we analyse and improve integer discrete flows for lossless compression. Integer discrete flows are a recently proposed class of models that learn invertible transformations for integer-valued random variables. Their discrete…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-24 Rianne van den Berg , Alexey A. Gritsenko , Mostafa Dehghani , Casper Kaae Sønderby , Tim Salimans

Elaborate protocols in Secure Multi-party Computation enable several participants to compute a public function of their own private inputs while ensuring that no undesired information leaks about the private inputs, and without resorting to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-01-04 Patrick Ah-Fat , Michael Huth

Quantitative information flow analyses measure how much information on secrets is leaked by publicly observable outputs. One area of interest is to quantify and estimate the information leakage of composed systems. Prior work has focused on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-09-30 Yusuke Kawamoto , Thomas Given-Wilson

Disclosure of data analytics results has important scientific and commercial justifications. However, no data shall be disclosed without a diligent investigation of risks for privacy of subjects. Privug is a tool-supported method to explore…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-08-12 Raúl Pardo , Willard Rafnsson , Christian Probst , Andrzej Wąsowski

In contemporary Electronic Design Automation (EDA) tools, security often takes a backseat to the primary goals of power, performance, and area optimization. Commonly, the security analysis is conducted by hand, leading to vulnerabilities in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Lennart M. Reimann , Anshul Prashar , Chiara Ghinami , Rebecca Pelke , Dominik Sisejkovic , Farhad Merchant , Rainer Leupers

The Alicki-Lindblad-Fannes dynamical (ALF) entropy measures the rate at which new information is gathered about a quantum system by inspecting its long-time evolution. We propose an extension of the ALF entropy to open quantum dynamics as a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-24 Giovanni Nichele , Fabio Benatti

Noninterference offers a rigorous end-to-end guarantee for secure propagation of information. However, real-world systems almost always involve security requirements that change during program execution, making noninterference inapplicable.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-17 Peixuan Li , Danfeng Zhang

A new measure of information leakage for quantum encoding of classical data is defined. An adversary can access a single copy of the state of a quantum system that encodes some classical data and is interested in correctly guessing a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-20 Farhad Farokhi

Given two random variables $X$ and $Y$, an operational approach is undertaken to quantify the ``leakage'' of information from $X$ to $Y$. The resulting measure $\mathcal{L}(X \!\! \to \!\! Y)$ is called \emph{maximal leakage}, and is…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-07-23 Ibrahim Issa , Aaron B. Wagner , Sudeep Kamath

Side channels pose a significant threat to the confidentiality of software systems. Such vulnerabilities are challenging to detect and evaluate because they arise from non-functional properties of software such as execution times and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-09 Yannic Noller , Saeid Tizpaz-Niari

Local differential privacy (LDP) is a variant of differential privacy (DP) that avoids the need for a trusted central curator, at the cost of a worse trade-off between privacy and utility. The shuffle model is a way to provide greater…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Mireya Jurado , Ramon G. Gonze , Mário S. Alvim , Catuscia Palamidessi

Concept-based Models aim to improve interpretability by predicting high-level intermediate concepts, representing a promising approach for deployment in high-risk scenarios. However, they are known to suffer from information leakage,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Enrico Parisini , Tapabrata Chakraborti , Chris Harbron , Ben D. MacArthur , Christopher R. S. Banerji

Uncertainty quantification (UQ) is crucial in computational fluid dynamics to assess the reliability and robustness of simulations, given the uncertainties in input parameters. OpenLB is an open-source lattice Boltzmann method library…

We generalize the quantum Fisher information flow proposed by Lu \textit{et al}. [Phys. Rev. A \textbf{82}, 042103 (2010)] to the multi-parameter scenario from the information geometry perspective. A measure named the \textit{intrinsic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-02-22 Haijun Xing , Libin Fu

Speculative execution attacks undermine the security of constant-time programming, the standard technique used to prevent microarchitectural side channels in security-sensitive software such as cryptographic code. Constant-time code must…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Rutvik Choudhary , Alan Wang , Zirui Neil Zhao , Adam Morrison , Christopher W. Fletcher

We consider the problem of quantifying information flow in interactive systems, modelled as finite-state transducers in the style of Goguen and Meseguer. Our main result is that if the system is deterministic then the information flow is…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-05-14 David Mestel

Opacity is a general language-theoretic framework in which several security properties of a system can be expressed. Its parameters are a predicate, given as a subset of runs of the system, and an observation function, from the set of runs…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-02-20 B. Bérard , J. Mullins , M. Sassolas

This thesis addresses the foundational aspects of formal methods for applications in security and in particular in anonymity. More concretely, we develop frameworks for the specification of anonymity properties and propose algorithms for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2011-11-14 Miguel E. Andrés

We introduce fundamental bounds on achievable cumulative rate distribution functions (CRDF) to characterize a sequential encoding process that ensures lossless or lossy reconstruction subject to an average distortion criterion using a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-08-31 Hamid Ghourchian , Photios A. Stavrou , Tobias J. Oechtering , Mikael Skoglund