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While there are convergence guarantees for temporal difference (TD) learning when using linear function approximators, the situation for nonlinear models is far less understood, and divergent examples are known. Here we take a first step…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-12 David Brandfonbrener , Joan Bruna

Understanding what information neural networks capture is an essential problem in deep learning, and studying whether different models capture similar features is an initial step to achieve this goal. Previous works sought to define metrics…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-27 Yunzhen Feng , Runtian Zhai , Di He , Liwei Wang , Bin Dong

Metric-based meta-learning has attracted a lot of attention due to its effectiveness and efficiency in few-shot learning. Recent studies show that metric scaling plays a crucial role in the performance of metric-based meta-learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-27 Jiaxin Chen , Li-Ming Zhan , Xiao-Ming Wu , Fu-lai Chung

Meta-learning, or learning-to-learn, seeks to design algorithms that can utilize previous experience to rapidly learn new skills or adapt to new environments. Representation learning -- a key tool for performing meta-learning -- learns a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-04 Nilesh Tripuraneni , Chi Jin , Michael I. Jordan

Fast model updates for unseen tasks on intelligent edge devices are crucial but also challenging due to the limited computational power. In this paper,we propose MetaLDC, which meta-trains braininspired ultra-efficient low-dimensional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-27 Yejia Liu , Shijin Duan , Xiaolin Xu , Shaolei Ren

Embedding learning has found widespread applications in recommendation systems and natural language modeling, among other domains. To learn quality embeddings efficiently, adaptive learning rate algorithms have demonstrated superior…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-24 Yan Li , Dhruv Choudhary , Xiaohan Wei , Baichuan Yuan , Bhargav Bhushanam , Tuo Zhao , Guanghui Lan

We propose a new per-layer adaptive step-size procedure for stochastic first-order optimization methods for minimizing empirical loss functions in deep learning, eliminating the need for the user to tune the learning rate (LR). The proposed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Achraf Bahamou , Donald Goldfarb

We propose a new approach to value function approximation which combines linear temporal difference reinforcement learning with subspace identification. In practical applications, reinforcement learning (RL) is complicated by the fact that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-03-17 Byron Boots , Geoffrey J. Gordon

Stochastic gradient descent is a canonical tool for addressing stochastic optimization problems, and forms the bedrock of modern machine learning and statistics. In this work, we seek to balance the fact that attenuating step-size is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-10 Zhan Gao , Alec Koppel , Alejandro Ribeiro

A fundamental notion of distance between train and test distributions from the field of domain adaptation is discrepancy distance. While in general hard to compute, here we provide the first set of provably efficient algorithms for testing…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Gautam Chandrasekaran , Adam R. Klivans , Vasilis Kontonis , Konstantinos Stavropoulos , Arsen Vasilyan

We showcase important features of the dynamics of the Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) in the training of neural networks. We present empirical observations that commonly used large step sizes (i) lead the iterates to jump from one side of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Maksym Andriushchenko , Aditya Varre , Loucas Pillaud-Vivien , Nicolas Flammarion

We investigate the statistical properties of Temporal Difference (TD) learning with Polyak-Ruppert averaging, arguably one of the most widely used algorithms in reinforcement learning, for the task of estimating the parameters of the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-25 Weichen Wu , Gen Li , Yuting Wei , Alessandro Rinaldo

Off-policy learning ability is an important feature of reinforcement learning (RL) for practical applications. However, even one of the most elementary RL algorithms, temporal-difference (TD) learning, is known to suffer form divergence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Han-Dong Lim , Donghwan Lee

The goal of this paper is to accelerate the training of machine learning models, a critical challenge since the training of large-scale deep neural models can be computationally expensive. Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) and its variants…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Yuen Chen , Yian Wang , Hari Sundaram

To estimate the value functions of policies from exploratory data, most model-free off-policy algorithms rely on importance sampling, where the use of importance sampling ratios often leads to estimates with severe variance. It is thus…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-02-13 Ashique Rupam Mahmood , Huizhen Yu , Richard S. Sutton

Click-Through Rate (CTR) prediction is a pivotal task in product and content recommendation, where learning effective feature embeddings is of great significance. However, traditional methods typically learn fixed feature representations…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Chen Zhu , Liang Du , Hong Chen , Shuang Zhao , Zixun Sun , Xin Wang , Wenwu Zhu

Stochastic gradient algorithms have been the main focus of large-scale learning problems and they led to important successes in machine learning. The convergence of SGD depends on the careful choice of learning rate and the amount of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-11-03 Caglar Gulcehre , Marcin Moczulski , Yoshua Bengio

Off-policy learning allows us to learn about possible policies of behavior from experience generated by a different behavior policy. Temporal difference (TD) learning algorithms can become unstable when combined with function approximation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-23 Ray Jiang , Tom Zahavy , Zhongwen Xu , Adam White , Matteo Hessel , Charles Blundell , Hado van Hasselt

Neural Temporal Difference (TD) Learning is an approximate temporal difference method for policy evaluation that uses a neural network for function approximation. Analysis of Neural TD Learning has proven to be challenging. In this paper we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Haoxing Tian , Ioannis Ch. Paschalidis , Alex Olshevsky

Many machine learning applications and tasks rely on the stochastic gradient descent (SGD) algorithm and its variants. Effective step length selection is crucial for the success of these algorithms, which has motivated the development of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Shigeng Sun , Yuchen Xie