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For the past 17 years, both XMM-Newton and Chandra have brought the powerful combination of high spatial and spectral resolution to the study of black hole systems. Each of these attributes requires special consideration--- in comparison to…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-05-10 Michael A. Nowak

Much work over the last 25 years has demonstrated that the interface-specific, alloptical technique, vibrational sum frequency generation (v-SFG) spectroscopy, is often uniquely capable of characterizing the structure and dynamics of…

Optics · Physics 2018-11-14 Martin Thämer , R. Kramer Campen , Martin Wolf

A simplified digital spectrometer for the study of $\gamma$-rays with energies up to $\sim100$ MeV is presented and tested. The spectrometer is only consisted of a fast digital oscilloscope and three scintillation detectors which can work…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-12-09 S. S. Markochev , N. V. Eremin

A calculation of the expected signal due to Primakov coherent conversion of solar axions into photons via Bragg scattering in several solid-state detectors is presented and compared with present and future experimental sensitivities. The…

Recent progress in laser-driven plasma acceleration now enables the acceleration of electrons to several gigaelectronvolts. Taking advantage of these novel accelerators, ultra-short, compact and spatially coherent X-ray sources called…

Detection of photons with scintillating inorganic crystals in the high-energy range (> 0.1 MeV) will be discussed, making a comparison with other available methods. Energy resolutions up to 2 % at 662 keV and fast decay time of the order of…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-05-13 M. Bonesini

Sub-angstrom spatial resolution of electron density coupled with sub-femtosecond temporal resolution is required to directly observe the dynamics of the electronic structure of a molecule after photoinitiation or some other ultrafast…

The imaging problem of a specular reflector is revisited. Retaining terms through second order in the reflector surface expansion, we derive the form of the aberration-limiting aperture for arbitrary magnification assuming no bandwidth…

Optics · Physics 2026-03-30 Stanislav Stoupin , David Sagan

With its direct correspondence to electronic structure, angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) is a ubiquitous tool for the study of solids. When extended to the temporal domain, time-resolved (TR)-ARPES offers the potential to…

The detection of inelastically scattered soft X-rays with high energy resolution usually requires large grating spectrometers. Recently, photoelectron spectrometry for analysis of X-rays (PAX) has been rediscovered for modern spectroscopy…

Aluminum single crystals are tested using X-Ray Bragg diffraction, which may have applications in microscopy and electronics fabrication industry. Yet, their efficiency for x- ray beam diffraction depends on the accurate crystal…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-08-24 Gilad Orr , Gad Golan

We devised and built a light, compact and transportable X-ray polarized source based on the Bragg diffraction at nearly 45 degrees. The source is composed by a crystal coupled to a small power X-ray tube. The angles of incidence are…

Electron diffraction through a thin patterned silicon membrane can be used to create complex spatial modulations in electron distributions by varying the intensity of different reflections using parameters such as crystallographic…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2019-05-30 L. E. Malin , W. S. Graves , M. Holl , J. C. H. Spence , E. A. Nanni , R. K. Li , X. Shen , S. Weathersby

The laser spectroscopy with a narrow linewidth and high signal to noise ratio (S/N) is very important in the precise measurement of optical frequencies. Here, we present a novel high-resolution backward resonance Bragg-scattering (RBS)…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Hai Wang* , Xudong Yang , Shujing Li , Chunhong Zhang , Changde Xie , Kunchi Peng

X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) generate sequences of ultra-short, spatially coherent pulses of x-ray radiation. We propose the diffraction focusing spectrometer (DFS), which is able to measure the whole energy spectrum of the radiation…

Optics · Physics 2013-02-22 V. G. Kohn , O. Y. Gorobtsov , I. A. Vartanyants

We describe the design and show first results of a large solid angle X-ray emission spectrometer that is optimized for energies between 1.5 keV and 5.5 keV. The spectrometer is based on an array of 11 cylindrically bent Johansson crystal…

Monochromators and analyzers for X-rays of energy $>$ 5 keV are overwhelmingly made from silicon crystals, of which large specimens of high purity and low defect density are readily available. Germanium and diamond crystals are also…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2017-01-19 John P. Sutter , Hasan Yavaş

Nanoscale heterogeneity (including size, shape, strain, and defects) significantly impacts material properties and how they function. Bragg coherent x-ray imaging methods have emerged as a powerful tool to investigate, in three-dimensional…

Materials Science · Physics 2018-08-02 A. Ulvestad , W. Cha , I. Calvo-Almazan , S. Maddali , S. M. Wild , E. Maxey , M. Duparaz , S. O. Hruszkewycz

Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors offer multiple benefits in comparison with electronic sensors due to their compactness, electromagnetic immunity as well as their resistance to harsh environments and their multiplexing capabilities.…

The spectroscopic studies of near infrared emission arising from supernovae allow to derive crucial quantities that could better characterise physical conditions of the expanding gas, such as the CaII IR HVF spectral feature. For this…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 A. Zanutta , M. Landoni , A. Bianco , L. Tomasella , S. Benetti , E Giro