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New estimates for the population risk are established for two-layer neural networks. These estimates are nearly optimal in the sense that the error rates scale in the same way as the Monte Carlo error rates. They are equally effective in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-02-24 Weinan E , Chao Ma , Lei Wu

We consider binary and multi-class classification problems using hypothesis classes of neural networks. For a given hypothesis class, we use Rademacher complexity estimates and direct approximation theorems to obtain a priori error…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-09-29 Weinan E , Stephan Wojtowytsch

In recent years, neural networks have achieved remarkable progress in various fields and have also drawn much attention in applying them on scientific problems. A line of methods involving neural networks for solving partial differential…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-05-20 Xianliang Xu , Ye Li , Zhongyi Huang

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) have achieved great success in the prediction of sequential data. However, their theoretical studies are still lagging behind because of their complex interconnected structures. In this paper, we establish a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-11-06 Xuewei Cheng , Ke Huang , Shujie Ma

In an attempt to better understand structural benefits and generalization power of deep neural networks, we firstly present a novel graph theoretical formulation of neural network models, including fully connected, residual network (ResNet)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Yuqing Li , Tao Luo , Chao Ma

Weighted empirical risk minimization is a common approach to prediction under distribution drift. This article studies its out-of-sample prediction error under nonstationarity. We provide a general decomposition of the excess risk into a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-19 Tobias Brock , Thomas Nagler

Networked data, in which every training example involves two objects and may share some common objects with others, is used in many machine learning tasks such as learning to rank and link prediction. A challenge of learning from networked…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-23 Yuanhong Wang , Yuyi Wang , Xingwu Liu , Juhua Pu

Prior Networks are a recently developed class of models which yield interpretable measures of uncertainty and have been shown to outperform state-of-the-art ensemble approaches on a range of tasks. They can also be used to distill an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-10 Andrey Malinin , Sergey Chervontsev , Ivan Provilkov , Mark Gales

In this work, we derive a priori error estimate of the mixed residual method when solving some elliptic PDEs. Our work is the first theoretical study of this method. We prove that the neural network solutions will converge if we increase…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-06-16 Lingfeng Li , Xue-cheng Tai , Jiang Yang , Quanhui Zhu

Empirical Risk Minimization (ERM) algorithms are widely used in a variety of estimation and prediction tasks in signal-processing and machine learning applications. Despite their popularity, a theory that explains their statistical…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-07-07 Hossein Taheri , Ramtin Pedarsani , Christos Thrampoulidis

The primary objective of learning methods is generalization. Classic uniform generalization bounds, which rely on VC-dimension or Rademacher complexity, fail to explain the significant attribute that over-parameterized models in deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Lijia Yu , Yibo Miao , Yifan Zhu , Xiao-Shan Gao , Lijun Zhang

It has been experimentally observed in recent years that multi-layer artificial neural networks have a surprising ability to generalize, even when trained with far more parameters than observations. Is there a theoretical basis for this?…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-09-19 Andrew R. Barron , Jason M. Klusowski

The goal of regression and classification methods in supervised learning is to minimize the empirical risk, that is, the expectation of some loss function quantifying the prediction error under the empirical distribution. When facing scarce…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-07-15 Soroosh Shafieezadeh-Abadeh , Daniel Kuhn , Peyman Mohajerin Esfahani

In this work we consider the learning setting where, in addition to the training set, the learner receives a collection of auxiliary hypotheses originating from other tasks. We focus on a broad class of ERM-based linear algorithms that can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-10-19 Ilja Kuzborskij , Francesco Orabona

We develop approximate estimation methods for exponential random graph models (ERGMs), whose likelihood is proportional to an intractable normalizing constant. The usual approach approximates this constant with Monte Carlo simulations,…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-01-11 Angelo Mele , Lingjiong Zhu

Motivated by the learned iterative soft thresholding algorithm (LISTA), we introduce a general class of neural networks suitable for sparse reconstruction from few linear measurements. By allowing a wide range of degrees of weight-sharing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Ekkehard Schnoor , Arash Behboodi , Holger Rauhut

In this article we study the problem of recovering the unknown solution of a linear ill-posed problem, via iterative regularization methods. We review the problem of projection-regularization from a statistical point of view. A basic…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Ana K. Fermin , Carenne Ludena

Trace norm regularization is a popular method of multitask learning. We give excess risk bounds with explicit dependence on the number of tasks, the number of examples per task and properties of the data distribution. The bounds are…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-01-15 Andreas Maurer , Massimiliano Pontil

Residual networks (ResNet) and weight normalization play an important role in various deep learning applications. However, parameter initialization strategies have not been studied previously for weight normalized networks and, in practice,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-10-31 Devansh Arpit , Victor Campos , Yoshua Bengio

The scaling behavior, in which test performance often improves as model size and data increase, is a central empirical phenomenon in modern deep learning, yet its theoretical basis remains incomplete. In this paper, we study depth expansion…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Daning Cheng , Zeyu Liu , Jun Sun , Fen Xia , Boyang Zhang , Dongping Liu , Yunquan Zhang
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