English
Related papers

Related papers: Why Learning of Large-Scale Neural Networks Behave…

200 papers

A prevalent belief among optimization specialists is that linear convergence of gradient descent is contingent on the function growing quadratically away from its minimizers. In this work, we argue that this belief is inaccurate. We show…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-11 Damek Davis , Dmitriy Drusvyatskiy , Liwei Jiang

As neural networks grow deeper and wider, learning networks with hard-threshold activations is becoming increasingly important, both for network quantization, which can drastically reduce time and energy requirements, and for creating large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-04-18 Abram L. Friesen , Pedro Domingos

While it is commonly observed in practice that pruning networks to a certain level of sparsity can improve the quality of the features, a theoretical explanation of this phenomenon remains elusive. In this work, we investigate this by…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-14 Nuri Mert Vural , Murat A. Erdogdu

Stochastic convex optimization is a basic and well studied primitive in machine learning. It is well known that convex and Lipschitz functions can be minimized efficiently using Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD). The Normalized Gradient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-10-29 Elad Hazan , Kfir Y. Levy , Shai Shalev-Shwartz

Gradient descent optimization algorithms are the standard ingredients that are used to train artificial neural networks (ANNs). Even though a huge number of numerical simulations indicate that gradient descent optimization methods do indeed…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-02-04 Patrick Cheridito , Arnulf Jentzen , Adrian Riekert , Florian Rossmannek

Multi-layer neural networks are among the most powerful models in machine learning, yet the fundamental reasons for this success defy mathematical understanding. Learning a neural network requires to optimize a non-convex high-dimensional…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-06-08 Song Mei , Andrea Montanari , Phan-Minh Nguyen

Although overparameterized models have achieved remarkable practical success, their theoretical properties, particularly their generalization behavior, remain incompletely understood. The well known double descents phenomenon suggests that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-06 Haoran Zhan , Yingcun Xia

We propose a simple, scalable, and fast gradient descent algorithm to optimize a nonconvex objective for the rank minimization problem and a closely related family of semidefinite programs. With $O(r^3 \kappa^2 n \log n)$ random…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-03-25 Qinqing Zheng , John Lafferty

Gradient clipping is commonly used in training deep neural networks partly due to its practicability in relieving the exploding gradient problem. Recently, \citet{zhang2019gradient} show that clipped (stochastic) Gradient Descent (GD)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-30 Bohang Zhang , Jikai Jin , Cong Fang , Liwei Wang

Large learning rates, when applied to gradient descent for nonconvex optimization, yield various implicit biases including the edge of stability (Cohen et al., 2021), balancing (Wang et al., 2022), and catapult (Lewkowycz et al., 2020).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Yuqing Wang , Zhenghao Xu , Tuo Zhao , Molei Tao

We show that in a variety of large-scale deep learning scenarios the gradient dynamically converges to a very small subspace after a short period of training. The subspace is spanned by a few top eigenvectors of the Hessian (equal to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-13 Guy Gur-Ari , Daniel A. Roberts , Ethan Dyer

Despite recent theoretical progress on the non-convex optimization of two-layer neural networks, it is still an open question whether gradient descent on neural networks without unnatural modifications can achieve better sample complexity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Arvind Mahankali , Jeff Z. Haochen , Kefan Dong , Margalit Glasgow , Tengyu Ma

Neural networks are a powerful class of functions that can be trained with simple gradient descent to achieve state-of-the-art performance on a variety of applications. Despite their practical success, there is a paucity of results that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-03-06 Bo Xie , Yingyu Liang , Le Song

Recurrent neural network is a powerful model that learns temporal patterns in sequential data. For a long time, it was believed that recurrent networks are difficult to train using simple optimizers, such as stochastic gradient descent, due…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2015-04-20 Tomas Mikolov , Armand Joulin , Sumit Chopra , Michael Mathieu , Marc'Aurelio Ranzato

Neural networks trained with standard objectives exhibit behaviors characteristic of probabilistic inference: soft clustering, prototype specialization, and Bayesian uncertainty tracking. These phenomena appear across architectures -- in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Alan Oursland

A main puzzle of deep neural networks (DNNs) revolves around the apparent absence of "overfitting", defined in this paper as follows: the expected error does not get worse when increasing the number of neurons or of iterations of gradient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-02 Tomaso Poggio , Qianli Liao , Brando Miranda , Andrzej Banburski , Xavier Boix , Jack Hidary

In this paper, we develop a new optimization framework for the least squares learning problem via fully connected neural networks or physics-informed neural networks. The gradient descent sometimes behaves inefficiently in deep learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Yaru Liu , Yiqi Gu , Michael K. Ng

In this paper, we study the gradient descent-ascent method for convex-concave saddle-point problems. We derive a new non-asymptotic global convergence rate in terms of distance to the solution set by using the semidefinite programming…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-09-19 Moslem Zamani , Hadi Abbaszadehpeivasti , Etienne de Klerk

We introduce optimization methods for convolutional neural networks that can be used to improve existing gradient-based optimization in terms of generalization error. The method requires only simple processing of existing stochastic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-26 Dong Lao , Peihao Zhu , Peter Wonka , Ganesh Sundaramoorthi

Establishing a theoretical analysis that explains why deep learning can outperform shallow learning such as kernel methods is one of the biggest issues in the deep learning literature. Towards answering this question, we evaluate excess…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-12-08 Taiji Suzuki , Shunta Akiyama