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Deep convolutional neural networks are known to be unstable during training at high learning rate unless normalization techniques are employed. Normalizing weights or activations allows the use of higher learning rates, resulting in faster…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-02 Brendan Ruff , Taylor Beck , Joscha Bach

Batch Normalization (BN) improves both convergence and generalization in training neural networks. This work understands these phenomena theoretically. We analyze BN by using a basic block of neural networks, consisting of a kernel layer, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-25 Ping Luo , Xinjiang Wang , Wenqi Shao , Zhanglin Peng

Batch normalization is currently the most widely used variant of internal normalization for deep neural networks. Additional work has shown that the normalization of weights and additional conditioning as well as the normalization of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Wolfgang Fuhl , Enkelejda Kasneci

The widespread use of Batch Normalization has enabled training deeper neural networks with more stable and faster results. However, the Batch Normalization works best using large batch size during training and as the state-of-the-art…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Martin Kolarik , Radim Burget , Kamil Riha

Neural networks have achieved remarkable success in many cognitive tasks. However, when they are trained sequentially on multiple tasks without access to old data, their performance on early tasks tend to drop significantly. This problem is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-10 Dong Yin , Mehrdad Farajtabar , Ang Li , Nir Levine , Alex Mott

Not all examples are created equal, but standard deep neural network training protocols treat each training point uniformly. Each example is propagated forward and backward through the network the same amount of times, independent of how…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-19 Niel Teng Hu , Xinyu Hu , Rosanne Liu , Sara Hooker , Jason Yosinski

Utilizing recently introduced concepts from statistics and quantitative risk management, we present a general variant of Batch Normalization (BN) that offers accelerated convergence of Neural Network training compared to conventional BN. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-11 Xiaoyong Yuan , Zheng Feng , Matthew Norton , Xiaolin Li

Modern deep neural network (DNN) trainings utilize various training techniques, e.g., nonlinear activation functions, batch normalization, skip-connections, etc. Despite their effectiveness, it is still mysterious how they help accelerate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Cheng Chen , Junjie Yang , Yi Zhou

Normalization layers (e.g., Batch Normalization, Layer Normalization) were introduced to help with optimization difficulties in very deep nets, but they clearly also help generalization, even in not-so-deep nets. Motivated by the long-held…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Kaifeng Lyu , Zhiyuan Li , Sanjeev Arora

Normalization techniques play an important role in supporting efficient and often more effective training of deep neural networks. While conventional methods explicitly normalize the activations, we suggest to add a loss term instead. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-22 Etai Littwin , Lior Wolf

Over the past few years, Batch-Normalization has been commonly used in deep networks, allowing faster training and high performance for a wide variety of applications. However, the reasons behind its merits remained unanswered, with several…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-02-08 Elad Hoffer , Ron Banner , Itay Golan , Daniel Soudry

In this work, we propose to progressively increase the training difficulty during learning a neural network model via a novel strategy which we call mini-batch trimming. This strategy makes sure that the optimizer puts its focus in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Hannes Fassold

In this work we investigate the reasons why Batch Normalization (BN) improves the generalization performance of deep networks. We argue that one major reason, distinguishing it from data-independent normalization methods, is randomness of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-05 Alexander Shekhovtsov , Boris Flach

Dropout is a simple but efficient regularization technique for achieving better generalization of deep neural networks (DNNs); hence it is widely used in tasks based on DNNs. During training, dropout randomly discards a portion of the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-10-22 Hiroshi Inoue

Recent advancements in artificial intelligence, particularly deep neural networks, have pushed the boundaries of what is achievable in complex tasks. Traditional methods for training neural networks in classification problems often rely on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Jaouad Dabounou

Various normalization layers have been proposed to help the training of neural networks. Group Normalization (GN) is one of the effective and attractive studies that achieved significant performances in the visual recognition task. Despite…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-06 Agus Gunawan , Xu Yin , Kang Zhang

In this paper, we study normalization methods for neural networks from the perspective of elimination singularity. Elimination singularities correspond to the points on the training trajectory where neurons become consistently deactivated.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-10 Siyuan Qiao , Huiyu Wang , Chenxi Liu , Wei Shen , Alan Yuille

Batch normalization (BN) is a fundamental unit in modern deep networks, in which a linear transformation module was designed for improving BN's flexibility of fitting complex data distributions. In this paper, we demonstrate properly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Yuhui Xu , Lingxi Xie , Cihang Xie , Jieru Mei , Siyuan Qiao , Wei Shen , Hongkai Xiong , Alan Yuille

In training neural networks, batch normalization has many benefits, not all of them entirely understood. But it also has some drawbacks. Foremost is arguably memory consumption, as computing the batch statistics requires all instances…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Benjamin Berger , Victor Uc Cetina

A key component of most neural network architectures is the use of normalization layers, such as Batch Normalization. Despite its common use and large utility in optimizing deep architectures, it has been challenging both to generically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-17 Cecilia Summers , Michael J. Dinneen