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Rydberg atomic receivers have recently emerged as a promising platform for radio-frequency (RF) sensing and reception due to their intrinsic broadband response and calibration-free operation. Most existing receivers rely on four-level…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-15 Lahiru Shyamal , Harini Hapuarachchi , Saman Atapattu , Jared H. Cole

Rydberg atom-based antennas exploit the quantum properties of highly excited Rydberg atoms, providing unique advantages over classical antennas, such as high sensitivity, broad frequency range, and compact size. Despite the increasing…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-09 Shuai S. A. Yuan , Xinyi Y. I. Xu , Jinpeng Yuan , Guoda Xie , Chongwen Huang , Xiaoming Chen , Zhixiang Huang , Wei E. I. Sha

Leveraging the strong atom-light interaction, a Rydberg atomic receiver can measure radio waves with extreme sensitivity. Existing research primarily focuses on improving the signal detection capability of atomic receivers, while…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Mingyao Cui , Qunsong Zeng , Kaibin Huang

The significant progress of quantum sensing technologies offer numerous radical solutions for measuring a multitude of physical quantities at an unprecedented precision. Among them, Rydberg atomic quantum receivers (RAQRs) emerge as an…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-16 Tierui Gong , Jiaming Sun , Chau Yuen , Guangwei Hu , Yufei Zhao , Yong Liang Guan , Chong Meng Samson See , Mérouane Debbah , Lajos Hanzo

Low frequency communication has a wide range of applications in the fields of satellite detection, underground mining, disaster relief. Rydberg atom sensor has rapidly developed in recent years, capitalizing on its calibration-free…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2024-08-20 Yipeng Xie , Mingwei Lei , Meng Shi

Rydberg atoms, with one highly-excited, nearly-ionized electron, have extreme sensitivity to electric fields, including microwave fields ranging from 100 MHz to over 1 THz. Here we show that room-temperature Rydberg atoms can be used as…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2018-10-30 David H. Meyer , Kevin C. Cox , Fredrik K. Fatemi , Paul D. Kunz

Recently, Rydberg atom has emerged as an attractive choice to realize quantum sensing of low-frequency electric field. The progress so far has mostly utilized the intensity and phase changes in probe laser and the corresponding detection…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2026-03-11 Ding Wang , Shenchao Jin , Xiayang Fan , Hongjing Li , Jiatian Liu , Jingzheng Huang , Guihua Zeng , Yuan Sun

Rydberg atom based sensors allow for SI traceable measurements and show promise for applications in the field of communication and radar technologies. In this article, we investigate the bandwidth and sensitivity of a Rydberg atom-based…

Rydberg-atom sensors convert radiofrequency, microwave and terahertz fields into optical signals with SI-traceable calibration, high sensitivity, and broad tunability. This review assesses their potential for space applications by comparing…

We use a quantum sensor based on thermal Rydberg atoms to receive data encoded in electromagnetic fields in the extreme electrically small regime, with a sensing volume over $10^7$ times smaller than the cube of the electric field…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2018-09-19 Kevin C. Cox , David H. Meyer , Fredrik K. Fatemi , Paul D. Kunz

Measurement sensitivity is one of the critical indicators for Rydberg atomic radio receivers. This work quantitatively studies the relationship between the atomic superheterodyne receiver's sensitivity and the number of atoms involved in…

We propose and demonstrate a modulation transfer protocol to increase the detection sensitivity of a Rydberg RF receiver to fields out of resonance from the transition between Rydberg levels. This protocol is based on a phase modulation of…

Rydberg states of alkali atoms, where the outer valence electron is excited to high principal quantum numbers, have large electric dipole moments allowing them to be used as sensitive, wideband, electric field sensors. These sensors use…

A highly excited Rydberg atom via electromagnetically induced transparency with two color cascading lasers has extreme sensitivity to electric fields of microwave ranging from 100 MHz to over 1 THz. It can be used as susceptible atom-based…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2021-11-15 M. H. Cai , Z. S. Xu , S. H. You , H. P. Liu

We present a Rydberg atom-based microwave electric field sensor that achieves extended dynamic range and enhanced sensitivity across a broad bandwidth. By characterizing the Autler-Townes (AT) splitting induced by a single-tone microwave…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2026-01-28 Hsuan-Jui Su , Shao-Cheng Fang , Ting-An Li , Chen-Hao Chang , Yu-Chi Chen , Yi-Hsin Chen

Rydberg atomic receivers (RARs) leverage the quantum coherence of highly excited atoms to overcome the intrinsic physical limitations of conventional radio frequency receivers (RFRs), particularly in sensitivity, and bandwidth. This…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-01 Yin Zhang , Jiayi Zhang , Bokai Xu , Yuanbin Chen , Zhilong Liu , Jiakang Zheng , Enyu Shi , Ziheng Liu , Tierui Gong , Wei E. I. Sha , Chau Yuen , Shi Jin , Bo Ai

Microwave electric (MW) field measurements utilizing Rydberg atoms have witnessed significant advancements, achieving remarkable sensitivity, albeit limited to discrete MW frequencies resonant with Rydberg states. Recently, various…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-25 Sheng-Xian Xiao , Tao Wang

Rydberg atom-based RF sensors offer distinct advantages over conventional dipole antennas for electric field detection. This paper presents a system model and performance analysis of a Rydberg atom-based quantum radar, which employs optical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-12 Sourav Banerjee , Neel Kanth Kundu

Rydberg Atomic REceiver (RARE) is driving a paradigm shift in electromagnetic (EM) wave measurement by harnessing the electron transition phenomenon of Rydberg atoms. Operating at the quantum scale, such receivers have the potential to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-04 Mingyao Cui , Qunsong Zeng , Kaibin Huang

High-sensitive measurement of radio-frequency (RF) electric field is available via the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) effect of Rydberg atom at room-temperature, which has been developed to be a promising atomic RF receiver.…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2019-03-27 Zhenfei Song , Wanfeng Zhang , Hongping Liu , Xiaochi Liu , Haiyang Zou , Jie Zhang , Jifeng Qu