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In this paper we review several approaches to mathematical modeling of simple battery cells and develop these ideas further with emphasis on charge recovery and the response behavior of batteries to given external load. We focus on models…
Recent years have seen a rapidly escalating demand for battery technologies capable of storing more energy, charging more quickly and having longer usable lifetimes, driven largely by increased electrification of transport and by grid-scale…
Optimization of the formation step in lithium-ion battery manufacturing is challenging due to limited physical understanding of solid electrolyte interphase formation and the long testing time (~100 days) for cells to reach the end of life.…
Electrolyte filling is a time-critical step during battery manufacturing that also affects the battery performance. The underlying physical phenomena during filling mainly occur on the pore scale and are hard to study experimentally. In…
We consider how charging performances of a quantum battery, modeled as a two-level system, are influenced by the presence of vacuum fluctuations of a quantum field satisfying the Dirichlet, transparent, and Neumann boundary conditions in…
We present a refined Mn-Zn-H$_2$O Pourbaix diagram with the emphasis on parameters relevant for the Zn/MnO$_2$ rechargeable cells. It maps out boundaries of electrochemical stability for MnO$_2$, ZnMn$_2$O$_4$, ZnMn$_3$O$_7$, and MnOOH. The…
We investigate the interfacial wave coupling dynamics in liquid metal batteries and their effects to the battery's operation safety. Similar to aluminum reduction cells, liquid metal batteries can be highly susceptible to…
A parallel plate capacitor containing an electrolytic solution is the simplest model of a supercapacitor, or electric double layer capacitor. Using both analytical and numerical techniques, we solve the Poisson-Nernst-Planck equations for…
Sodium-ion batteries employing hard carbon electrodes are considered a drop-in technology for lithium-ion batteries. Electrode drying is a critical manufacturing step, as binder migration during pore emptying impacts the mechanical…
Designing lithium-ion batteries for long service life remains a challenge, as most cells are optimized for beginning-of-life metrics such as energy density, often overlooking how design and operating conditions shape degradation. This work…
In this paper we study a system of partial differential equations which models lithium-ion batteries. The system describes the conservation of Lithium and conservation of charges in the solid and electrolyte phases, together with the…
Uncovering microstructure evolution mechanisms that accompany the long-term operation of solid oxide fuel cells is a fundamental challenge in designing a more durable energy system for the future. To date, the study of fuel cell stack…
The structure of cylindrical double layers is studied using a modified Poisson Boltzmann theory and the density functional approach. In the model double layer, the electrode is a cylindrical polyion that is infinitely long, impenetrable,…
Renewable energy is critical for combating climate change, whose first step is the storage of electricity generated from renewable energy sources. Li-ion batteries are a popular kind of storage units. Their continuous usage through…
We consider a collection of two level systems, such as qubits, embedded into a microwave cavity as a promising candidate for the realization of high power quantum batteries. In this perspective, the possibility to design devices where the…
The interplay of electronic and nuclear degrees of freedom presents an outstanding problem in condensed matter physics and chemistry. Computational challenges arise especially for large systems, long time scales, in nonequilibrium, or in…
We investigate a Dicke quantum battery in the dispersive regime, where the photons trapped into a resonant cavity are way more energetic with respect to the two-level systems embedded into it. Under such off-resonant conditions, even an…
Using molecular dynamics simulations with recently developed importance sampling methods, we show that the differential capacitance of a model ionic liquid based double-layer capacitor exhibits an anomalous dependence on the applied…
Silicon anodes promise high energy densities of next-generation lithium-ion batteries, but suffer from shorter cycle life. The accelerated capacity fade stems from the repeated fracture and healing of the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI)…
Moving to larger cell formats in lithium-ion batteries increases overall useable energy but introduces inhomogeneities that influence aging. This study investigates degradation in 21700-type cells with NCM cathodes and graphite/SiOx anodes…