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Related papers: Distribution of active forces in the cell cortex

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We study the role of active coupling on the transport properties of homogeneously charged macromolecules in an infinitely dilute solution. An enzyme becomes actively bound to a segment of the macromolecule, exerting an electrostatic force…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-05-24 Tapas Singha , Siao-Fong Li , Murugappan Muthukumar

Molecular motors are in charge of almost every process in the life cycle of cells, such as protein synthesis, DNA replication, and cell locomotion, hence being of crucial importance for understanding the cellular dynamics. However, given…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-09-05 Adrián Nadal-Rosa , Gonzalo Manzano

This is an archival document; the work contains theoretical development to be used in new publications and to stimulate further development. Here, we develop a statistical mechanical treatment of a braid formed of two molecules subject to…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-03-31 D. J. Lee

The actin cortex is an active biopolymer network underneath the plasma membrane at the periphery of mammalian cells. It is a major regulator of cell shape through the generation of active cortical tension. In addition, the cortex…

Biological Physics · Physics 2023-05-15 Valentin Ruffine , Andreas Hartmann , Michael Schlierf , Elisabeth Fischer-Friedrich

The actomyosin cytoskeleton, a protein assembly comprising actin fibers and the myosin molecular motor, drives various cellular dynamics through contractile force generation at high densities. However, the relationship between the density…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-01-07 Tomoka Kashiwabara , Tatsuya Fukuyama , Yusuke T. Maeda

The fluctuation theorem is a representative theorem in non-equilibrium statistical physics actively studied in the 1990's. Relating to entropy production in non-equilibrium states, the theorem has been used to estimate the driving power of…

Biological Physics · Physics 2018-07-04 Kumiko Hayashi

Large-scale force generation is essential for biological functions such as cell motility, embryonic development, and muscle contraction. In these processes, forces generated at the molecular level by motor proteins are transmitted by…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-04-05 Pierre Ronceray , Chase Broedersz , Martin Lenz

Active diffusion of intracellular components is emerging as an important process in cell biology. This process is mediated by complex assemblies of molecular motors and cytoskeletal filaments that drive force generation in the cytoplasm and…

We propose a mechanism of cell motility which is based on contraction and does not require protrusion. The contraction driven translocation of a cell is due to internal flow of the cytoskeleton generated by molecular motors. Each motor…

Biological Physics · Physics 2013-02-19 Pierre Recho , Thibault Putelat , Lev Truskinovsky

A theory for diffusivity estimation for spatially extended activator-inhibitor dynamics modelling the evolution of intracellular signaling networks is developed in the mathematical framework of stochastic reaction-diffusion systems. In…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2021-05-11 Gregor Pasemann , Sven Flemming , Sergio Alonso , Carsten Beta , Wilhelm Stannat

The actin cytoskeleton is an active semi-flexible polymer network whose non-equilibrium properties coordinate both stable and contractile behaviors to maintain or change cell shape. While myosin motors drive the actin cytoskeleton…

Mechanical forces generated by myosin II molecular motors drive diverse cellular processes, most notably shape change, division and locomotion. These forces may be transmitted over long range through the cytoskeletal medium - a disordered,…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-02-28 Abhinav Kumar , David A. Quint , Kinjal Dasbiswas

Molecular motors are involved in key transport processes inside actin-based cellular protrusions. The motors carry cargo proteins to the protrusion tip which participate in regulating the actin polymerization, and play a key role in…

Biological Physics · Physics 2014-06-12 Itai Pinkoviezky , Nir S Gov

The collective behaviour of confluent cell sheets is strongly influenced both by polar forces, arising through cytoskeletal propulsion and by active inter-cellular forces, which are mediated by interactions across cell-cell junctions. We…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2020-05-28 Guanming Zhang , Romain Mueller , Amin Doostmohammadi , Julia M. Yeomans

The development of traction-force microscopy, in the past two decades, has created the unprecedented opportunity of performing direct mechanical measurements on living cells as they adhere or crawl on uniform or micro-patterned substrates.…

Biological Physics · Physics 2019-10-25 Luca Giomi

We review the physical properties of macromolecular networks, consisting of semiflexible polymers such as actin. We start by giving a theoretical analysis of the conformational statistics and mechanical response of single filaments.…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2008-02-03 Erwin Frey , Klaus Kroy , Jan Wilhelm , Erich Sackmann

Force fluctuations exhibited in focal adhesions (FAs) that connect a cell to its extracellular environment, point to the complex role of the underlying machinery that controls cell migration. To elucidate the explicit role of myosin motors…

Biological Physics · Physics 2022-03-29 Debsuvra Ghosh , Subhadip Ghosh , Abhishek Chaudhuri

Mesoscopic active systems exhibit various unique behaviours - absent in passive systems - due to the forces generated by the corresponding constituents by converting their available free energies. However, estimating these forces - which…

Motor-driven cargo transport is a complex phenomenon where multiple motor proteins attached on to a cargo engage in pulling activity, often leading to tug-of-war, displaying bidirectional motion. However, most mathematical and computational…

Biological Physics · Physics 2016-09-09 Deepak Bhat , Manoj Gopalakrishnan

Actin flow in the cortical cytoskeleton underneath the cell membrane generates mechanical stresses that shape the cell surface. We study this mechanism using a hydrodynamic model of a compressible active gel polymerizing at the membrane and…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-05-13 Kristiana Mihali , Dennis Wörthmüller , Pierre Sens