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We prove tight upper bounds for the number of vertices of a simple polygon that is the union or the intersection of two simple polygons with given numbers of convex and concave vertices. The similar question on graphs of the lower (or…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-11-27 Pavel Kozhevnikov

For a given spatial graph $\mathcal{G} \subset \mathbb{R}^3$, we would like to find a closed orientable surface $\mathcal{S}$ embedded in $\mathbb{R}^3$ in which $\mathcal{G}$ is cellular embedded. However, for general $\mathcal{G}$ this is…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2025-10-21 Senja Barthel , Fabio Buccoliero

In this article, we construct a new simplicial complex for infinite-type surfaces, which we call the grand arc graph. We show that if the end space of a surface has at least three different self-similar equivalence classes of maximal ends,…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2022-01-31 Assaf Bar-Natan , Yvon Verberne

We address the problem of identifying families of discrete models naturally flowing in continuum limit to relativistic quantum field theories. We call them Dirac graphs. In this work, we require the graphs to obey spectrality property,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-08-08 Corneliu Sochichiu

We characterise the form of all simple, finite graphs for which the girth of the graph is equal to the circumference of the graph. We apply this to prove a bound on the number of edges in such a graph.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-10-11 Lewis Stanton , Jeffrey Thompson

The notion of graph cover, also known as locally bijective homomorphism, is a discretization of covering spaces known from general topology. It is a pair of incidence-preserving vertex- and edge-mappings between two graphs, the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-25 Jan Kratochvil , Roman Nedela

The independence complex $\mathrm{Ind}(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the simplicial complex formed by its independent sets. This article introduces a deformation of the simplicial boundary map of $\mathrm{Ind}(G)$ that gives rise to a double…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2020-10-01 Marko Berghoff

Computing the embedding distribution of a given graph is a fundamental question in topological graph theory. In this article, we extend our viewpoint to a sequence of graphs and consider their asymptotic embedding distributions, which are…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-22 Yichao Chen , Wenjie Fang , Zhicheng Gao , Jinlian Zhang

A family of interpolating graphs $\calC (S, \xi)$ of complexity $\xi$ is constructed for a surface $S$ and $-2 \leq \xi \leq \xi (S)$. For $\xi = -2, -1, \xi (S) -1$ these specialise to graphs quasi-isometric to the marking graph, the pants…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2010-01-11 Mahan Mj

The persistence diagram (PD) is an increasingly popular topological descriptor. By encoding the size and prominence of topological features at varying scales, the PD provides important geometric and topological information about a space.…

Traditional classification tasks learn to assign samples to given classes based solely on sample features. This paradigm is evolving to include other sources of information, such as known relations between samples. Here we show that, even…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-15 Yifan Qian , Paul Expert , Pietro Panzarasa , Mauricio Barahona

A metrized graph is a compact singular 1-manifold endowed with a metric. A given metrized graph can be modelled by a family of weighted combinatorial graphs. If one chooses a sequence of models from this family such that the vertices become…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2007-05-23 X. W. C. Faber

In this paper, we provide a simple proof for the fact that two simplicial complexes are isomorphic if and only if their associated Stanley-Reisner rings, or their associated facet rings are isomorphic as $K$-algebras. As a consequence, we…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2010-10-12 Rashid Zaare-Nahandi

String diagrams are a powerful tool for reasoning about composite structures in symmetric monoidal categories. By representing string diagrams as graphs, equational reasoning can be done automatically by double-pushout rewriting. !-graphs…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-02-22 Aleks Kissinger , Vladimir Zamdzhiev

We give a construction of a family of (weighted) graphs that are pairwise cospectral with respect to the normalized Laplacian matrix, or equivalently probability transition matrix. This construction can be used to form pairs of cospectral…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-07-08 Steve Butler , Kristin Heysse

Simplicial complexes can be viewed as high dimensional generalizations of graphs that explicitly encode multi-way ordered relations between vertices at different resolutions, all at once. This concept is central towards detection of higher…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Alexandros Dimitrios Keros , Vidit Nanda , Kartic Subr

If the face\mbox{-}cycles at all the vertices in a map are of the same type, then the map is said to be a semi-equivelar map. Automorphism (symmetry) of a map can be thought of as a permutation of the vertices which preserves the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-01-13 Marbarisha M. Kharkongor , Debashis Bhowmik , Dipendu Maity

A family of sets in the plane is simple if the intersection of its any subfamily is arc-connected, and it is pierced by a line $L$ if the intersection of its any member with $L$ is a nonempty segment. It is proved that the intersection…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-08-27 Michał Lasoń , Piotr Micek , Arkadiusz Pawlik , Bartosz Walczak

We show that graphs, networks and other related discrete model systems carry a natural supersymmetric structure, which, apart from its conceptual importance as to possible physical applications, allows to derive a series of spectral…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2011-07-19 Manfred Requardt

Let $G$ be a finite simple graph. The line graph $L(G)$ represents the adjacencies between edges of $G$. We define first the line simplicial complex $\Delta_L(G)$ of $G$ containing Gallai and anti-Gallai simplicial complexes…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2017-08-04 Imran Ahmed , Shahid Muhmood