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This paper develops a unified identification framework for counterfactual analysis in incomplete models characterized by support and moment restrictions. I demonstrate that identifying structural parameters and conducting counterfactual…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-03-10 Lixiong Li

Selective rationalization has become a common mechanism to ensure that predictive models reveal how they use any available features. The selection may be soft or hard, and identifies a subset of input features relevant for prediction. The…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-17 Mo Yu , Shiyu Chang , Yang Zhang , Tommi S. Jaakkola

We present an adequacy theorem for a concurrent extension of probabilistic GCL. The underlying denotational semantics is based on the so-called mixed powerdomains, which combine non-determinism with probabilistic behaviour. The theorem…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Renato Neves

In statistical physics, the conservation of particle number results in the equalization of the chemical potential throughout a system at equilibrium. In contrast, the homogeneity of utility in socio-economic models is usually thought to…

Physics and Society · Physics 2011-02-18 Rémi Lemoy , Eric Bertin , Pablo Jensen

Fitting models to data is an important part of the practice of science. Advances in machine learning have made it possible to fit more -- and more complex -- models, but have also exacerbated a problem: when multiple models fit the data…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-27 Alexandre René , André Longtin

We implement nonparametric revealed-preference tests of subjective expected utility theory and its generalizations. We find that a majority of subjects' choices are consistent with the maximization of some utility function. They respond to…

General Economics · Economics 2021-05-04 Federico Echenique , Taisuke Imai , Kota Saito

In this paper we prove finiteness principles for $C^{m}\left( \mathbb{R}^{n}, \mathbb{R}^{D}\right) $-selection, and for $C^{m-1,1}\left( \mathbb{R}^{n}, \mathbb{R}^{D}\right) $-selection, in particular providing a proof for a conjecture of…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2015-11-30 Charles Fefferman , Arie Israel , Garving K. Luli

We address a fundamental issue in the nonparametric inference for systems of interacting particles: the identifiability of the interaction functions. We prove that the interaction functions are identifiable for a class of first-order…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-09-01 Zhongyang Li , Fei Lu , Mauro Maggioni , Sui Tang , Cheng Zhang

The inferential model (IM) framework offers an alternative to the classical probabilistic (e.g., Bayesian and fiducial) uncertainty quantification in statistical inference. A key distinction is that classical uncertainty quantification…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-15 Ryan Martin , Jonathan P. Williams

Identification of multinomial choice models is often established by using special covariates that have full support. This paper shows how these identification results can be extended to a large class of multinomial choice models when all…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-03-23 Nail Kashaev

Finding a good way to model probability densities is key to probabilistic inference. An ideal model should be able to concisely approximate any probability while being also compatible with two main operations: multiplications of two models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-29 Alessandro Rudi , Carlo Ciliberto

Given two relations containing multiple measurements - possibly with uncertainties - our objective is to find which sets of attributes from the first have a corresponding set on the second, using exclusively a sample of the data. This…

Databases · Computer Science 2022-07-20 Alejandro Alvarez-Ayllon , Manuel Palomo-Duarte , Juan-Manuel Dodero

We consider the problem of minimizing a certainty equivalent of the total or discounted cost over a finite and an infinite time horizon which is generated by a Partially Observable Markov Decision Process (POMDP). The certainty equivalent…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-07-21 Nicole Bäuerle , Ulrich Rieder

In the present paper, a systematic study is made of quantitative semicontinuity (a.k.a. Lipschitzian) properties of certain multifunctions, which are defined as a solution map associated to a family of parameterized ``split" feasibility…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-01 Amos Uderzo

We introduce a linear space of finitely additive measures to treat the problem of optimal expected utility from consumption under a stochastic clock and an unbounded random endowment process. In this way we establish existence and…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2008-12-10 Gordan Zitkovic

In multiple criteria decision aiding, very often the alternatives are compared by means of a value function compatible with the preferences expressed by the Decision Maker. The problem is that, in general, there is a plurality of compatible…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-04-14 Sally Giuseppe Arcidiacono , Salvatore Corrente , Salvatore Greco

Multinomial choice models are fundamental for empirical modeling of economic choices among discrete alternatives. We analyze identification of binary and multinomial choice models when the choice utilities are nonseparable in observed…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-05-10 Victor Chernozhukov , Iván Fernández-Val , Whitney Newey

Identifying the effects of causes and causes of effects is vital in virtually every scientific field. Often, however, the needed probabilities may not be fully identifiable from the data sources available. This paper shows how partial…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Ang Li , Scott Mueller , Judea Pearl

A recent line of work, starting with Beigman and Vohra (2006) and Zadimoghaddam and Roth (2012), has addressed the problem of {\em learning} a utility function from revealed preference data. The goal here is to make use of past data…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2014-07-31 Maria-Florina Balcan , Amit Daniely , Ruta Mehta , Ruth Urner , Vijay V. Vazirani

Existing identification and estimation methods for semiparametric sample selection models rely heavily on exclusion restrictions. However, it is difficult in practice to find a credible excluded variable that has a correlation with…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-12-03 Zhewen Pan , Yifan Zhang