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In this article, we discuss the remarkable connection between two very different fields, number theory and nuclear physics. We describe the essential aspects of these fields, the quantities studied, and how insights in one have been…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2010-11-16 Frank W. K. Firk , Steven J. Miller

This in an introduction to the theory of non-commutative distributions of non-commuting operators or random matrices. Starting from the basic problem to find a good approach to the meaning of "non-commutative distribution" we will, in…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2020-09-09 Roland Speicher

Let $\a$ be a real-valued random variable of mean zero and variance 1. Let $M_n(\a)$ denote the $n \times n$ random matrix whose entries are iid copies of $\a$ and $\sigma_n(M_n(\a))$ denote the least singular value of $M_n(\a)$.…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-03-04 Terence Tao , Van Vu

We review elementary properties of random matrices and discuss widely used mathematical methods for both hermitian and nonhermitian random matrix ensembles. Applications to a wide range of physics problems are summarized. This paper…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 M. A. Stephanov , J. J. M. Verbaarschot , T. Wettig

Random matrices have played an important role in many fields including machine learning, quantum information theory and optimization. One of the main research focuses is on the deviation inequalities for eigenvalues of random matrices.…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-10-18 Xianjie Gao , Chao Zhang , Hongwei Zhang

This paper investigates a statistical procedure for testing the equality of two independent estimated covariance matrices when the number of potentially dependent data vectors is large and proportional to the size of the vectors, that is,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-03-09 Rémy Mariétan , Stephan Morgenthaler

The concept of random dynamical system is a comparatively recent development combining ideas and methods from the well developed areas of probability theory and dynamical systems. Due to our inaccurate knowledge of the particular physical…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Vitor Araujo

Matrix permanent plays a key role in data association probability calculations. Exact algorithms (such as Ryser's) scale exponentially with matrix size. Fully polynomial time randomized approximation schemes exist but are quite complex.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-07-18 Lingji Chen

This contribution to the proceedings of the Cracow meeting on `Applications of Random Matrix Theory' summarizes a series of studies, some old and others more recent on financial applications of Random Matrix Theory (RMT). We first review…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2008-12-02 M. Potters , J. P. Bouchaud , L. Laloux

We present a technique for constructing suitable posterior probability distributions in situations for which the sampling distribution of the data is not known. This is very useful for modern scientific data analysis in the era of "big…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-30 Steven Gratton

Universality of local eigenvalue statistics is one of the most striking phenomena of Random Matrix Theory, that also accounts for a lot of the attention that the field has attracted over the past 15 years. In this paper we focus on the…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-10-29 Thomas Kriecherbauer , Kristina Schubert

Random utility theory models an agent's preferences on alternatives by drawing a real-valued score on each alternative (typically independently) from a parameterized distribution, and then ranking the alternatives according to scores. A…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2012-11-13 Hossein Azari Soufiani , David C. Parkes , Lirong Xia

The concept of Probability of Causation (PC) is critically important in legal contexts and can help in many other domains. While it has been around since 1986, current operationalizations can obtain only the minimum and maximum values of…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-08-14 Tapajit Dey , Audris Mockus

Methods of high-dimensional probability play a central role in applications for statistics, signal processing theoretical computer science and related fields. These lectures present a sample of particularly useful tools of high-dimensional…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-11-07 Roman Vershynin

We calculate the probability to find exactly $n$ eigenvalues in a spectral interval of a large random $N \times N$ matrix when this interval contains $s \ll N$ eigenvalues on average. The calculations exploit an analogy to the problem of…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-22 M. M. Fogler , B. I. Shklovskii

A number of algorithms have been developed to solve probabilistic inference problems on belief networks. These algorithms can be divided into two main groups: exact techniques which exploit the conditional independence revealed when the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-08 Ross D. Shachter , Mark Alan Peot

In this mini-review, dedicated to the Jubilee of Professor Tadeusz Marek, we highlight in a popular way the power of so-called free random variables (hereafter FRV) calculus, viewed as a potential probability calculus for the XXI century,…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-11-09 Ewa Gudowska-Nowak , Maciej A. Nowak

We consider a set of probability measures on a finite event space $\Omega$. The mutual affinity is introduced in terms of the spectrum of the associated Gram matrix. We show that, for randomly chosen measures, the empirical eigenvalue…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Fannes , P. Spincemaille

In a frequency selective slow-fading channel in a MIMO system, the channel matrix is of the form of a block matrix. This paper proposes a method to calculate the limit of the eigenvalue distribution of block matrices if the size of the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2011-11-10 Reza Rashidi Far , Tamer Oraby , Wlodzimierz Bryc , Roland Speicher

In this paper, a connection between bi-free probability and the asymptotics of random quantum channels and tensor products of random matrices is established. Using bi-free matrix models, it is demonstrated that the spectral distribution of…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2024-05-30 Paul Skoufranis