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Data valuation is an essential task in a data marketplace. It aims at fairly compensating data owners for their contribution. There is increasing recognition in the machine learning community that the Shapley value -- a foundational…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-20 Zhihua Tian , Jian Liu , Jingyu Li , Xinle Cao , Ruoxi Jia , Jun Kong , Mengdi Liu , Kui Ren

As data becomes the fuel driving technological and economic growth, a fundamental challenge is how to quantify the value of data in algorithmic predictions and decisions. For example, in healthcare and consumer markets, it has been…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-06-11 Amirata Ghorbani , James Zou

As data emerges as a vital driver of technological and economic advancements, a key challenge is accurately quantifying its value in algorithmic decision-making. The Shapley value, a well-established concept from cooperative game theory,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Xi Zheng , Xiangyu Chang , Ruoxi Jia , Yong Tan

Shapley value is a classic notion from game theory, historically used to quantify the contributions of individuals within groups, and more recently applied to assign values to data points when training machine learning models. Despite its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-28 Amirata Ghorbani , Michael P. Kim , James Zou

Over the last few years, the Shapley value, a solution concept from cooperative game theory, has found numerous applications in machine learning. In this paper, we first discuss fundamental concepts of cooperative game theory and axiomatic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-27 Benedek Rozemberczki , Lauren Watson , Péter Bayer , Hao-Tsung Yang , Olivér Kiss , Sebastian Nilsson , Rik Sarkar

Data valuation has found various applications in machine learning, such as data filtering, efficient learning and incentives for data sharing. The most popular current approach to data valuation is the Shapley value. While popular for its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Lauren Watson , Zeno Kujawa , Rayna Andreeva , Hao-Tsung Yang , Tariq Elahi , Rik Sarkar

Distributional data Shapley value (DShapley) has recently been proposed as a principled framework to quantify the contribution of individual datum in machine learning. DShapley develops the foundational game theory concept of Shapley values…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-02-19 Yongchan Kwon , Manuel A. Rivas , James Zou

Attribution scores can be applied in data management to quantify the contribution of individual items to conclusions from the data, as part of the explanation of what led to these conclusions. In Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning,…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-01-15 Leopoldo Bertossi , Benny Kimelfeld , Ester Livshits , Mikaël Monet

The Shapley value is a game-theoretic notion for wealth distribution that is nowadays extensively used to explain complex data-intensive computation, for instance, in network analysis or machine learning. Recent theoretical works show that…

Databases · Computer Science 2022-01-04 Daniel Deutch , Nave Frost , Benny Kimelfeld , Mikaël Monet

Measuring the value of individual samples is critical for many data-driven tasks, e.g., the training of a deep learning model. Recent literature witnesses the substantial efforts in developing data valuation methods. The primary data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Ou Wu , Weiyao Zhu , Mengyang Li

Data valuation has become an increasingly significant discipline in data science due to the economic value of data. In the context of machine learning (ML), data valuation methods aim to equitably measure the contribution of each data point…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Xiang Li , Haocheng Xia , Jinfei Liu

The Shapley value provides a principled framework for fairly distributing rewards among participants according to their individual contributions. While prior work has applied this concept to data valuation in machine learning, existing…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Zhuofan Jia , Jian Pei

The value and copyright of training data are crucial in the artificial intelligence industry. Service platforms should protect data providers' legitimate rights and fairly reward them for their contributions. Shapley value, a potent tool…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Haifeng Sun , Yu Xiong , Runze Wu , Xinyu Cai , Changjie Fan , Lan Zhang , Xiang-Yang Li

We consider the dataset valuation problem, that is, the problem of quantifying the incremental gain, to some relevant pre-defined utility of a machine learning task, of aggregating an individual dataset to others. The Shapley value is a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Felipe Garrido-Lucero , Benjamin Heymann , Maxime Vono , Patrick Loiseau , Vianney Perchet

Designing fair compensation mechanisms for demand response (DR) is challenging. This paper models the problem in a game theoretic setting and designs a payment distribution mechanism based on the Shapley Value. As exact computation of the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2014-03-27 Gearóid O'Brien , Abbas El Gamal , Ram Rajagopal

Quantifying the value of data within a machine learning workflow can play a pivotal role in making more strategic decisions in machine learning initiatives. The existing Shapley value based frameworks for data valuation in machine learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Ayush K Tarun , Vikram S Chundawat , Murari Mandal , Hong Ming Tan , Bowei Chen , Mohan Kankanhalli

The Shapley value has been proposed as a solution to many applications in machine learning, including for equitable valuation of data. Shapley values are computationally expensive and involve the entire dataset. The query for a point's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-02 Lauren Watson , Rayna Andreeva , Hao-Tsung Yang , Rik Sarkar

The idea of paying people for their data is increasingly seen as a promising direction for resolving privacy debates, improving the quality of online data, and even offering an alternative to labor-based compensation in a future dominated…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Marius Paraschiv , Nikolaos Laoutaris

Data valuation, or the valuation of individual datum contributions, has seen growing interest in machine learning due to its demonstrable efficacy for tasks such as noisy label detection. In particular, due to the desirable axiomatic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Stephanie Schoch , Haifeng Xu , Yangfeng Ji

Shapley value is a concept in cooperative game theory for measuring the contribution of each participant, which was named in honor of Lloyd Shapley. Shapley value has been recently applied in data marketplaces for compensation allocation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-24 Jinfei Liu
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