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In causal inference, estimating heterogeneous treatment effects (HTE) is critical for identifying how different subgroups respond to interventions, with broad applications in fields such as precision medicine and personalized advertising.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Jiehui Zhou , Linxiao Yang , Xingyu Liu , Xinyue Gu , Liang Sun , Wei Chen

We study how to efficiently estimate average treatment effects (ATEs) using adaptive experiments. In adaptive experiments, experimenters sequentially assign treatments to experimental units while updating treatment assignment probabilities…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-02-21 Masahiro Kato , Takuya Ishihara , Junya Honda , Yusuke Narita

We introduce an algorithm for identifying interpretable subgroups with elevated treatment effects, given an estimate of individual or conditional average treatment effects (CATE). Subgroups are characterized by ``rule sets'' --…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-15 Albert Chiu

The Horvitz-Thompson (H-T) estimator is widely used for estimating network causal effects. We study its optimality properties by embedding it in the class of all linear estimators. We show that, under any form of interference, the H-T…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-25 Vishesh Karwa , Edoardo M. Airoldi

Treatment effect heterogeneity with respect to covariates is common in instrumental variable (IV) analyses. An intuitive approach, which we call the interacted two-stage least squares (2sls), is to postulate a working linear model of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-03 Anqi Zhao , Peng Ding , Fan Li

Uplift modeling and Heterogeneous Treatment Effect (HTE) estimation aim at predicting the causal effect of an action, such as a medical treatment or a marketing campaign on a specific individual. In this paper, we focus on data from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Krzysztof Rudaś , Szymon Jaroszewicz

Flexible estimation of the mean outcome under a treatment regimen (i.e., value function) is the key step toward personalized medicine. We define our target parameter as a conditional value function given a set of baseline covariates which…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-09-29 Ashkan Ertefaie , Luke Duttweiler , Brent A. Johnson , Mark J. van der Laan

Interactive fixed effects are routinely controlled for in linear panel models. While an analogous fixed effects (FE) estimator for nonlinear models has been available in the literature (Chen, Fernandez-Val and Weidner, 2021), it sees much…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-03-25 Andrei Zeleneev , Weisheng Zhang

The theory of semiparametric estimation offers an elegant way of computing the Cram\'er-Rao bound for a parameter of interest in the midst of infinitely many nuisance parameters. Here I apply the theory to the problem of moment estimation…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-09 Mankei Tsang

In this article, mixed finite element methods are discussed for a class of hyperbolic integro-differential equations (HIDEs). Based on a modification of the nonstandard energy formulation of Baker, both semidiscrete and completely discrete…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2014-01-22 Samir Karaa , Amiya K. Pani

We consider the problem of estimating the effects of a binary treatment on a continuous outcome of interest from observational data in the absence of confounding by unmeasured factors. We provide a new estimator of the population average…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-08-04 James Robins , Mariela Sued , Quanhong Lei-Gomez , Andrea Rotnitzky

Nonparametric methods have been very popular in the last couple of decades in time series and regression, but no such development has taken place for spatial models. A rather obvious reason for this is the curse of dimensionality. For…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Jiti Gao , Zudi Lu , Dag Tjøstheim

Replicating causal estimates across different cohorts is crucial for increasing the integrity of epidemiological studies. However, strong assumptions regarding unmeasured confounding and effect modification often hinder this goal. By…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-09-23 Roy S. Zawadzki , Daniel L. Gillen

Estimating causal effects for survival outcomes in the high-dimensional setting is an extremely important topic for many biomedical applications as well as areas of social sciences. We propose a new orthogonal score method for treatment…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-12-04 Jue Hou , Jelena Bradic , Ronghui Xu

Estimation of average treatment effects on the treated (ATT) is an important topic of causal inference in econometrics and statistics. This problem seems to be often treated as a simple modification or extension of that of estimating…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-08-07 Heng Shu , Zhiqiang Tan

The paper proposes an estimator to make inference of heterogeneous treatment effects sorted by impact groups (GATES) for non-randomised experiments. The groups can be understood as a broader aggregation of the conditional average treatment…

Econometrics · Economics 2020-03-30 Daniel Jacob

Numerous empirical studies employ regression discontinuity designs with multiple cutoffs and heterogeneous treatments. A common practice is to normalize all the cutoffs to zero and estimate one effect. This procedure identifies the average…

Econometrics · Economics 2021-01-06 Marinho Bertanha

Consider the standard nonparametric regression model and take as estimator the penalized least squares function. In this article, we study the trade-off between closeness to the true function and complexity penalization of the estimator,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-10-20 Alan Muro , Sara van de Geer

In this work, we investigate the numerical approximation of the second order non-autonomous semilnear parabolic partial differential equation (PDE) using the finite element method. To the best of our knowledge, only the linear case is…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-01-27 Antoine Tambue , Jean Daniel Mukam

We address the problem of estimating heterogeneous treatment effects in panel data, adopting the popular Difference-in-Differences (DiD) framework under the conditional parallel trends assumption. We propose a novel doubly robust…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-04-29 Hui Lan , Haoge Chang , Eleanor Dillon , Vasilis Syrgkanis
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