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The measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) protocol has been proposed for the purpose of removing the detector side channel attacks. Due to the multi-photon events of coherent states sources, real-life…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-19 Mo Li , Chun-Mei Zhang , Zhen-Qiang Yin , Wei Chen , Shuang Wang , Guang-Can Guo , Zheng-Fu Han

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is based on the laws of quantum mechanics to enable provably secure communication. Despite its theoretical security promise, practical QKD systems are vulnerable to serious attacks, including side-channel…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-21 Syed M. Arslan , Saif Al-Kuwari , M. T. Rahim , Hashir Kuniyal

In principle, quantum key distribution (QKD) offers information-theoretic security based on the laws of physics. In practice, however, the imperfections of realistic devices might introduce deviations from the idealized models used in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-01 Feihu Xu , Xiongfeng Ma , Qiang Zhang , Hoi-Kwong Lo , Jian-Wei Pan

Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) provides us a powerful approach to resist all attacks at detection side. Besides the unconditional security, people also seek for high key generation rate, but MDI-QKD has…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-22 Yu-Fei Yan , Lan Zhou , Wei Zhong , Yu-Bo Sheng

Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) can eliminate detector side channels and prevent all attacks on detectors. The future of MDI-QKD is a quantum network that provides service to many users over untrusted relay…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-23 Wenyuan Wang , Feihu Xu , Hoi-Kwong Lo

Although quantum key distribution (QKD) is theoretically secure, there is a gap between the theory and practice. In fact, real-life QKD may not be secure because component devices in QKD systems may deviate from the theoretical models…

Unconditionally secure communication, being pursued for thousands of years, however, hasn't been reached yet due to continuous competitions between encryption and hacking. Quantum key distribution (QKD), harnessing the quantum mechanical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-06 Xiao-Ling Pang , Ai-Lin Yang , Chao-Ni Zhang , Jian-Peng Dou , Hang Li , Jun Gao , Xian-Min Jin

The security of measurement device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI QKD) relies on a thorough characterization of one's optical source output, especially any noise in the state preparation process. Here, we provide an extension of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-04 J. Eli Bourassa , Ignatius William Primaatmaja , Charles Ci Wen Lim , Hoi-Kwong Lo

The existing decoy-state MDI-QKD theory assumes the perfect control of the source states which is a an impossible task for any real setup. In this paper, we study the decoy-state MDI-QKD method with source errors without any presumed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-01 Cong Jiang , Zong-Wen Yu , Xiang-Bin Wang

Quantum key distribution (QKD) theoretically offers unconditional security. Unfortunately, the gap between theory and practice threatens side-channel attacks on practical QKD systems. Many well-known QKD protocols use weak coherent laser…

We present a detailed description of a widely applicable mathematical model for quantum key distribution (QKD) systems implementing the measurement-device-independent (MDI) protocol. The model is tested by comparing its predictions with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-05-22 Philip Chan , Joshua A. Slater , Itzel Lucio-Martinez , Allison Rubenok , Wolfgang Tittel

The decoy state protocol has been considered to be one of the most important methods to protect the security of quantum key distribution (QKD) with a weak coherent source. Here we test two experimental approaches to generating the decoy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-09-18 Anqi Huang , Shi-Hai Sun , Zhihong Liu , Vadim Makarov

In the transmitter of a quantum key distribution (QKD) system, a dense wavelength-division multiplexer (DWDM) is typically used to combine quantum and synchronization signals and is directly connected to the quantum channel. As a result, it…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a method that distributes a secret key to a sender and a receiver by the transmission of quantum particles (e.g. photons). Device-independent quantum key distribution (DIQKD) is a version of QKD with a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-27 Matthias Christandl , Roberto Ferrara , Karol Horodecki

Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) is immune to all security loopholes on detection. Previous experiments on MDI-QKD required spatially separated signal lasers and complicated stabilization systems. In this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-30 Guang-Zhao Tang , Shi-Hai Sun , Feihu Xu , Huan Chen , Chun-Yan Li , Lin-Mei Liang

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is a technique enabling provable secure communication but faces challenges in device characterization, posing potential security risks. Device-Independent (DI) QKD protocols overcome this issue by making…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-19 Michele Masini , Shubhayan Sarkar

Quantum key distribution(QKD) allows the legitimate partner to establish a secret key whose security only depends on physical laws. In recent years, research on QKD by employing insecure measurement devices, namely…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-04 Hao Shu

Based on the fundamental rules of quantum mechanics, two communicating parties can generate and share a secret random key that can be used to encrypt and decrypt messages sent over an insecure channel. This process is known as quantum key…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-25 Ivan Vybornyi , Abderrahmen Trichili , Mohamed-Slim Alouini

The performance of quantum key distribution (QKD) is severely limited by multiphoton emissions, due to the photon-number-splitting attack. The most efficient solution, the decoy-state method, requires that the phases of all transmitted…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) utilizes the laws of quantum mechanics to achieve information-theoretically secure key generation. This field is now approaching the stage of commercialization, but many practical QKD systems still suffer from…