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Although self-attention networks (SANs) have advanced the state-of-the-art on various NLP tasks, one criticism of SANs is their ability of encoding positions of input words (Shaw et al., 2018). In this work, we propose to augment SANs with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Xing Wang , Zhaopeng Tu , Longyue Wang , Shuming Shi

Neural machine translation models are used to automatically generate a document from given source code since this can be regarded as a machine translation task. Source code summarization is one of the components for automatic document…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-24 Yusuke Shido , Yasuaki Kobayashi , Akihiro Yamamoto , Atsushi Miyamoto , Tadayuki Matsumura

Token representations in high-dimensional latent spaces often exhibit redundancy, limiting computational efficiency and reducing structural coherence across model layers. Hierarchical latent space folding introduces a structured…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Fenella Harcourt , Naderdel Piero , Gilbert Sutherland , Daphne Holloway , Harriet Bracknell , Julian Ormsby

Large language models record impressive performance on many natural language processing tasks. However, their knowledge capacity is limited to the pretraining corpus. Retrieval augmentation offers an effective solution by retrieving context…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Sai Munikoti , Anurag Acharya , Sridevi Wagle , Sameera Horawalavithana

Structured, procedural reasoning is essential for Large Language Models (LLMs), especially in mathematics. While post-training methods have improved LLM performance, they still fall short in capturing deep procedural logic on complex tasks.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Zhichao Yang , Zhaoxin Fan , Gen Li , Yuanze Hu , Xinyu Wang , Ye Qiu , Xin Wang , Yifan Sun , Wenjun Wu

We propose a technique for learning representations of parser states in transition-based dependency parsers. Our primary innovation is a new control structure for sequence-to-sequence neural networks---the stack LSTM. Like the conventional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-06-01 Chris Dyer , Miguel Ballesteros , Wang Ling , Austin Matthews , Noah A. Smith

In this paper we explore the task of modeling semi-structured object sequences; in particular, we focus our attention on the problem of developing a structure-aware input representation for such sequences. Examples of such data include user…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Rudra Murthy , Riyaz Bhat , Chulaka Gunasekara , Siva Sankalp Patel , Hui Wan , Tejas Indulal Dhamecha , Danish Contractor , Marina Danilevsky

Large language models (LLMs) are powerful models that can learn concepts at the inference stage via in-context learning (ICL). While theoretical studies, e.g., \cite{zhang2023trained}, attempt to explain the mechanism of ICL, they assume…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Yue Xing , Xiaofeng Lin , Chenheng Xu , Namjoon Suh , Qifan Song , Guang Cheng

Interleaved texts, where posts belonging to different threads occur in one sequence, are a common occurrence, e.g., online chat conversations. To quickly obtain an overview of such texts, existing systems first disentangle the posts by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-10 Sanjeev Kumar Karn , Francine Chen , Yan-Ying Chen , Ulli Waltinger , Hinrich Schütze

Scientific knowledge is growing rapidly, making it difficult to track progress and high-level conceptual links across broad disciplines. While tools like citation networks and search engines help retrieve related papers, they lack the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Muhan Gao , Jash Shah , Weiqi Wang , Kuan-Hao Huang , Daniel Khashabi

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) learn powerful multimodal representations through large-scale image-text pretraining, but adapting them to hierarchical classification is underexplored. Standard approaches treat labels as flat categories and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Jiayu Li , Rajesh Gangireddy , Samet Akcay , Wei Cheng , Juhua Hu

This work presents StrAE: a Structured Autoencoder framework that through strict adherence to explicit structure, and use of a novel contrastive objective over tree-structured representations, enables effective learning of multi-level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Mattia Opper , Victor Prokhorov , N. Siddharth

Graph problems are fundamentally challenging for large language models (LLMs). While LLMs excel at processing unstructured text, graph tasks require reasoning over explicit structure, permutation invariance, and computationally complex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Angelo Zangari , Peyman Baghershahi , Sourav Medya

Automatic legal judgment prediction and its explanation suffer from the problem of long case documents exceeding tens of thousands of words, in general, and having a non-uniform structure. Predicting judgments from such documents and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Nishchal Prasad , Mohand Boughanem , Taoufik Dkaki

Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly exhibit strong reasoning abilities, often attributed to their capacity to generate chain-of-thought-style intermediate reasoning. Recent work suggests that exposure to code can further enhance these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Lukas Twist , Shu Yang , Hanqi Yan , Jingzhi Gong , Di Wang , Helen Yannakoudakis , Jie M. Zhang

The addition of syntax-aware decoding in Neural Machine Translation (NMT) systems requires an effective tree-structured neural network, a syntax-aware attention model and a language generation model that is sensitive to sentence structure.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-07 Jetic Gū , Hassan S. Shavarani , Anoop Sarkar

Interpretable clustering algorithms aim to group similar data points while explaining the obtained groups to support knowledge discovery and pattern recognition tasks. While most approaches to interpretable clustering construct clusters…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Nakul Upadhya , Eldan Cohen

Currently, the main approach for Large Language Models (LLMs) to tackle the hallucination issue is incorporating Knowledge Graphs(KGs).However, LLMs typically treat KGs as plain text, extracting only semantic information and limiting their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Yifang Zhang , Pengfei Duan , Yiwen Yang , Shengwu Xiong

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable advances in reasoning capabilities. However, their performance remains constrained by limited access to explicit and structured domain knowledge. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Junlin Wu , Xianrui Zhong , Jiashuo Sun , Bolian Li , Bowen Jin , Jiawei Han , Qingkai Zeng

Bi-directional LSTMs are a powerful tool for text representation. On the other hand, they have been shown to suffer various limitations due to their sequential nature. We investigate an alternative LSTM structure for encoding text, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-08 Yue Zhang , Qi Liu , Linfeng Song