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Background: This study proposes a Vision-Language Model (VLM) leveraging the SIGLIP encoder and Gemma-3b transformer decoder to enhance automated chronic tuberculosis (TB) screening. By integrating chest X-ray images with clinical data, the…

In this work, we investigate the performance across multiple classification models to classify chest X-ray images into four categories of COVID-19, pneumonia, tuberculosis (TB), and normal cases. We leveraged transfer learning techniques…

We present and evaluate a new deep neural network architecture for automatic thoracic disease detection on chest X-rays. Deep neural networks have shown great success in a plethora of visual recognition tasks such as image classification…

CNN-based deep learning models for disease detection have become popular recently. We compared the binary classification performance of eight prominent deep learning models: DenseNet 121, DenseNet 169, DenseNet 201, EffecientNet b0,…

A common approach to medical image analysis on volumetric data uses deep 2D convolutional neural networks (CNNs). This is largely attributed to the challenges imposed by the nature of the 3D data: variable volume size, GPU exhaustion during…

Pneumonia has been one of the major causes of morbidities and mortality in the world and the prevalence of this disease is disproportionately high among the pediatric and elderly populations especially in resources trained areas Fast and…

We propose a deep learning based method for classification of commonly occurring pathologies in chest X-ray images. The vast number of publicly available chest X-ray images provides the data necessary for successfully employing deep…

Chest X-ray (CXR) imaging remains one of the most widely used diagnostic tools for detecting pulmonary diseases such as tuberculosis (TB) and pneumonia. Recent advances in deep learning, particularly Vision Transformers (ViTs), have shown…

The advancement of computer-aided detection systems had a significant impact on clinical analysis and decision-making on human disease. Lung cancer requires more attention among the numerous diseases being examined because it affects both…

Pulmonary diseases can cause severe respiratory problems, leading to sudden death if not treated timely. Many researchers have utilized deep learning systems to diagnose pulmonary disorders using chest X-rays (CXRs). However, such systems…

Point of care diagnostics using microscopy and computer vision methods have been applied to a number of practical problems, and are particularly relevant to low-income, high disease burden areas. However, this is subject to the limitations…

Chest X-ray is the most common test among medical imaging modalities. It is applied for detection and differentiation of, among others, lung cancer, tuberculosis, and pneumonia, the last with importance due to the COVID-19 disease.…

Biomedical images are increasing drastically. Along the way, many machine learning algorithms have been proposed to predict and identify various kinds of diseases. One such disease is Pneumonia which is an infection caused by both bacteria…

Recently, lung nodule detection methods based on deep learning have shown excellent performance in the medical image processing field. Considering that only a few public lung datasets are available and lung nodules are more difficult to…

Chest X-rays are the most commonly performed diagnostic examination to detect cardiopulmonary abnormalities. However, the presence of bony structures such as ribs and clavicles can obscure subtle abnormalities, resulting in diagnostic…

Since, cancer is curable when diagnosed at an early stage, lung cancer screening plays an important role in preventive care. Although both low dose computed tomography (LDCT) and computed tomography (CT) scans provide more medical…

Automated segmentation of tuberculosis (TB)-consistent lesions in chest X-rays (CXRs) using deep learning (DL) methods can help reduce radiologist effort, supplement clinical decision-making, and potentially result in improved patient…

During clinical practice, radiologists often use attributes, e.g. morphological and appearance characteristics of a lesion, to aid disease diagnosis. Effectively modeling attributes as well as all relationships involving attributes could…

Deep learning (DL) models are state-of-the-art in segmenting anatomical and disease regions of interest (ROIs) in medical images. Particularly, a large number of DL-based techniques have been reported using chest X-rays (CXRs). However,…

Current technologies that facilitate diagnosis for simultaneous detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its resistance to first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs (Isoniazid and Rifampicim) are designed for lab-based settings and are…