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We propose a novel approach to address one aspect of the non-stationarity problem in multi-agent reinforcement learning (RL), where the other agents may alter their policies due to environment changes during execution. This violates the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Yixiang Wang , Feng Wu

Dialog policies, which determine a system's action based on the current state at each dialog turn, are crucial to the success of the dialog. In recent years, reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a promising option for dialog policy…

In recommender systems, reinforcement learning solutions have effectively boosted recommendation performance because of their ability to capture long-term user-system interaction. However, the action space of the recommendation policy is a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-02-09 Shuchang Liu , Qingpeng Cai , Bowen Sun , Yuhao Wang , Ji Jiang , Dong Zheng , Kun Gai , Peng Jiang , Xiangyu Zhao , Yongfeng Zhang

The rapid evolution of large language models (LLMs) has transformed conversational agents, enabling complex human-machine interactions. However, evaluation frameworks often focus on single tasks, failing to capture the dynamic nature of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Pietro Alessandro Aluffi , Patrick Zietkiewicz , Marya Bazzi , Matt Arderne , Vladimirs Murevics

Advances in reinforcement learning research have demonstrated the ways in which different agent-based models can learn how to optimally perform a task within a given environment. Reinforcement leaning solves unsupervised problems where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-03 Herkulaas Combrink , Vukosi Marivate , Benjamin Rosman

The incorporation of macro-actions (temporally extended actions) into multi-agent decision problems has the potential to address the curse of dimensionality associated with such decision problems. Since macro-actions last for stochastic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-05-30 Kunal Menda , Yi-Chun Chen , Justin Grana , James W. Bono , Brendan D. Tracey , Mykel J. Kochenderfer , David Wolpert

Recent developments in sequential experimental design look to construct a policy that can efficiently navigate the design space, in a way that maximises the expected information gain. Whilst there is work on achieving tractable policies for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Yasir Zubayr Barlas , Kizito Salako

Traditional approaches to the design of multi-agent navigation algorithms consider the environment as a fixed constraint, despite the obvious influence of spatial constraints on agents' performance. Yet hand-designing improved environment…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-09-26 Zhan Gao , Amanda Prorok

Dialog response generation in open domain is an important research topic where the main challenge is to generate relevant and diverse responses. In this paper, we propose a new dialog pre-training framework called DialogVED, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Wei Chen , Yeyun Gong , Song Wang , Bolun Yao , Weizhen Qi , Zhongyu Wei , Xiaowu Hu , Bartuer Zhou , Yi Mao , Weizhu Chen , Biao Cheng , Nan Duan

Due to limited resources and public safety concerns, deep reinforcement learning (RL) agents for many cyber-physical systems (e.g., autonomous vehicles) are first trained in simulators. However, when deployed in real world environments,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Gengyue Han , Yiheng Feng

A long-term goal of machine learning is to build intelligent conversational agents. One recent popular approach is to train end-to-end models on a large amount of real dialog transcripts between humans (Sordoni et al., 2015; Vinyals & Le,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-04-20 Jesse Dodge , Andreea Gane , Xiang Zhang , Antoine Bordes , Sumit Chopra , Alexander Miller , Arthur Szlam , Jason Weston

Reinforcement learning (RL) has shown great promise for developing dialogue management (DM) agents that are non-myopic, conduct rich conversations, and maximize overall user satisfaction. Despite recent developments in RL and language…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Dhawal Gupta , Yinlam Chow , Aza Tulepbergenov , Mohammad Ghavamzadeh , Craig Boutilier

Adaptation is the cornerstone of effective collaboration among heterogeneous team members. In human-agent teams, artificial agents need to adapt to their human partners in real time, as individuals often have unique preferences and policies…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Benjamin Li , Shuyang Shi , Lucia Romero , Huao Li , Yaqi Xie , Woojun Kim , Stefanos Nikolaidis , Michael Lewis , Katia Sycara , Simon Stepputtis

Advances in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) enable sequential decision making for a range of exciting multi-agent applications such as cooperative AI and autonomous driving. Explaining agent decisions is crucial for improving…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Kayla Boggess , Sarit Kraus , Lu Feng

Large Language Models (LLMs) trained with reinforcement learning and verifiable rewards have achieved strong results on complex reasoning tasks. Recent work extends this paradigm to a multi-agent setting, where a meta-thinking agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Zhiwei Zhang , Xiaomin Li , Yudi Lin , Hui Liu , Ramraj Chandradevan , Linlin Wu , Minhua Lin , Fali Wang , Xianfeng Tang , Qi He , Suhang Wang

There is a prevalence of multiagent reinforcement learning (MARL) methods that engage in centralized training. But, these methods involve obtaining various types of information from the other agents, which may not be feasible in competitive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Keyang He , Prashant Doshi , Bikramjit Banerjee

Representation learning is a central challenge across a range of machine learning areas. In reinforcement learning, effective and functional representations have the potential to tremendously accelerate learning progress and solve more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-30 Dibya Ghosh , Abhishek Gupta , Sergey Levine

Real-world reinforcement learning applications are often hindered by delayed feedback from environments, which violates the Markov assumption and introduces significant challenges. Although numerous delay-compensating methods have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Jongsoo Lee , Jangwon Kim , Jiseok Jeong , Soohee Han

Making sophisticated, robust, and safe sequential decisions is at the heart of intelligent systems. This is especially critical for planning in complex multi-agent environments, where agents need to anticipate other agents' intentions and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-01-29 Yichuan Charlie Tang

Following the pivotal success of learning strategies to win at tasks, solely by interacting with an environment without any supervision, agents have gained the ability to make sequential decisions in complex MDPs. Yet, reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Ezgi Korkmaz