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This paper introduces a novel model for semantic role labeling that makes use of neural sequence modeling techniques. Our approach is motivated by the observation that complex syntactic structures and related phenomena, such as nested…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-07-19 Michael Roth , Mirella Lapata

Models based on large-pretrained language models, such as S(entence)BERT, provide effective and efficient sentence embeddings that show high correlation to human similarity ratings, but lack interpretability. On the other hand, graph…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Juri Opitz , Anette Frank

We analyze the process of creating word embedding feature representations designed for a learning task when annotated data is scarce, for example, in depressive language detection from Tweets. We start with a rich word embedding pre-trained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-25 Nawshad Farruque , Randy Goebel , Osmar Zaiane

This position paper argues that text embedding research should move beyond surface meaning and embrace implicit semantics as a central modeling objective. Text embeddings are a foundational component of modern NLP, underpinning a wide range…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Yiqun Sun , Qiang Huang , Anthony K. H. Tung , Jun Yu

Sentence embedding tasks are important in natural language processing (NLP), but improving their performance while keeping them reliable is still hard. This paper presents a framework that combines pseudo-label generation and model ensemble…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Ziwei Liu , Qi Zhang , Lifu Gao

Clinical word embeddings are extensively used in various Bio-NLP problems as a state-of-the-art feature vector representation. Although they are quite successful at the semantic representation of words, due to the dataset - which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Gizem Sogancioglu , Fabian Mijsters , Amar van Uden , Jelle Peperzak

Natural Language Processing (NLP) for low-resource languages, which lack large annotated datasets, faces significant challenges due to limited high-quality data and linguistic resources. The selection of embeddings plays a critical role in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Abhay Shanbhag , Suramya Jadhav , Amogh Thakurdesai , Ridhima Sinare , Raviraj Joshi

Traditional sentence embedding models encode sentences into vector representations to capture useful properties such as the semantic similarity between sentences. However, in addition to similarity, sentence semantics can also be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-07 James Y. Huang , Wenlin Yao , Kaiqiang Song , Hongming Zhang , Muhao Chen , Dong Yu

Contextualized representations from a pre-trained language model are central to achieve a high performance on downstream NLP task. The pre-trained BERT and A Lite BERT (ALBERT) models can be fine-tuned to give state-ofthe-art results in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-27 Hyunjin Choi , Judong Kim , Seongho Joe , Youngjune Gwon

Sentence embeddings have become an essential part of today's natural language processing (NLP) systems, especially together advanced deep learning methods. Although pre-trained sentence encoders are available in the general domain, none…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-28 Qingyu Chen , Yifan Peng , Zhiyong Lu

Pre-trained language models such as BERT have become a more common choice of natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Research in word representation shows that isotropic embeddings can significantly improve performance on downstream tasks.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-30 Yuxin Liang , Rui Cao , Jie Zheng , Jie Ren , Ling Gao

Decoder-only large language models (LLMs) have been increasingly adopted to build embedding models for diverse tasks. To overcome the inherent limitations of causal attention in representation learning, many existing methods modify the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Ailiang Lin , Zhuoyun Li , Yusong Wang , Kotaro Funakoshi , Manabu Okumura

Conventional text classification models make a bag-of-words assumption reducing text into word occurrence counts per document. Recent algorithms such as word2vec are capable of learning semantic meaning and similarity between words in an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-07-11 Vincent Major , Alisa Surkis , Yindalon Aphinyanaphongs

Interpretability benefits the theoretical understanding of representations. Existing word embeddings are generally dense representations. Hence, the meaning of latent dimensions is difficult to interpret. This makes word embeddings like a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Minxue Xia , Hao Zhu

Pre-trained word embeddings are the primary method for transfer learning in several Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. Recent works have focused on using unsupervised techniques such as language modeling to obtain these embeddings. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-07-01 Mihir Kale , Aditya Siddhant , Sreyashi Nag , Radhika Parik , Matthias Grabmair , Anthony Tomasic

Pre-trained language models (PLMs) have made significant advances in natural language inference (NLI) tasks, however their sensitivity to textual perturbations and dependence on large datasets indicate an over-reliance on shallow…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Mingyue Liu , Ryo Ueda , Zhen Wan , Katsumi Inoue , Chris G. Willcocks

The use of large pretrained neural networks to create contextualized word embeddings has drastically improved performance on several natural language processing (NLP) tasks. These computationally expensive models have begun to be applied to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Benjamin Clavié , Kobi Gal

While one of the first steps in many NLP systems is selecting what pre-trained word embeddings to use, we argue that such a step is better left for neural networks to figure out by themselves. To that end, we introduce dynamic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-06 Douwe Kiela , Changhan Wang , Kyunghyun Cho

Explicit concept space models have proven efficacy for text representation in many natural language and text mining applications. The idea is to embed textual structures into a semantic space of concepts which captures the main ideas,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-12-21 Walid Shalaby , Wlodek Zadrozny

Sentence embedding techniques aim to encode key concepts of a sentence's meaning in a vector space. However, the majority of evaluation approaches for sentence embedding quality rely on the use of additional classifiers or downstream tasks.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Paul Keuren , Marc Ponsen , Robert Ayoub Bagheri