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We present a comprehensive benchmark of JSON-compatible binary serialization specifications using the SchemaStore open-source test suite collection of over 400 JSON documents matching their respective schemas and representative of their use…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Juan Cruz Viotti , Mital Kinderkhedia

In a connected world, spare CPU cycles are up for grabs, if you only make its obtention easy enough. In this paper we present a distributed evolutionary computation system that uses the computational capabilities of the ubiquituous web…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Juan Julián Merelo , Pedro A. Castillo , Juan Luis Jiménez Laredo , Antonio M. Mora , Alberto Prieto

LLM agents routinely serve as first (and sometimes only) readers of academic papers, skimming for sub-claims, extracting reproducibility steps, and generalizing scope. Standard prose papers produce recurring failures in this role:…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Arquimedes Canedo

We present a new streaming algorithm to validate JSON documents against a set of constraints given as a JSON schema. Among the possible values a JSON document can hold, objects are unordered collections of key-value pairs while arrays are…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-15 Véronique Bruyère , Guillermo A. Perez , Gaëtan Staquet

jq is a widely used tool that provides a programming language to manipulate JSON data. However, its semantics are currently only specified by its implementation, making it difficult to reason about its behaviour. To this end, I provide a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Michael Färber

In this technical report, we present a formalisation of the MongoDB aggregation framework. Our aim is to identify a fragment that could serve as the starting point for an industry-wide standard for querying JSON document databases. We…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Elena Botoeva , Julien Corman , Norman Townsend

JSON Schemas provide useful guardrails for developers of Web APIs to guarantee that the semi-structured JSON input provided by clients matches a predefined structure. This is important both to ensure the correctness of the data received as…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Juan Cruz Viotti , Michael J. Mior

Despite its rising popularity as data format especially for web services, the software ecosystem around the JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) is not as widely distributed as that of XML. For both data formats there exist schema languages to…

Databases · Computer Science 2014-06-10 Falco Nogatz , Thom Frühwirth

With the ubiquity of computer vision in industry, the importance of image provenance is becoming more apparent. Provenance provides information about the origin and derivation of some resource, e.g., an image dataset, enabling users to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Lynn Vonderhaar , Timothy Elvira , Tyler Thomas Procko , Omar Ochoa

Recently presented Token-Oriented Object Notation (TOON) aims to replace JSON as a serialization format for passing structured data to LLMs with significantly reduced token usage. While showing solid accuracy in LLM comprehension, there is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Ivan Matveev

The internet is saturated with low-density, high-redundancy information, such as social media comments, repetitive news, and lengthy discussions, making it difficult to extract valuable insights efficiently. Multi-layer nested JSON…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Zhicheng Zhou , Jing Li , Suming Qiu , Junjie Huang , Linyuan Qiu , Zhijie Sun

The international standard CityGML is both a data model and an exchange format to store digital 3D models of cities. While the data model is used by several cities, companies, and governments, in this paper we argue that its XML-based…

Databases · Computer Science 2020-01-27 Hugo Ledoux , Ken Arroyo Ohori , Kavisha Kumar , Balázs Dukai , Anna Labetski , Stelios Vitalis

Web developers use base64 formats to include images, fonts, sounds and other resources directly inside HTML, JavaScript, JSON and XML files. We estimate that billions of base64 messages are decoded every day. We are motivated to improve the…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Wojciech Muła , Daniel Lemire

JSON Schema is an evolving standard for the description of families of JSON documents. JSON Schema is a logical language, based on a set of assertions that describe features of the JSON value under analysis and on logical or structural…

Databases · Computer Science 2021-05-10 Mohamed-Amine Baazizi , Dario Colazzo , Giorgio Ghelli , Carlo Sartiani , Stefanie Scherzinger

The JSC language is a superset of JavaScript designed to ease the development of large web applications. This language extends JavaScripts own object system by isolating code in a class declaration, simplifying multiple inheritance and…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2009-12-16 Artur Ventura

Counting the number of ones in a binary stream is a common operation in database, information-retrieval, cryptographic and machine-learning applications. Most processors have dedicated instructions to count the number of ones in a word…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-09-07 Wojciech Muła , Nathan Kurz , Daniel Lemire

Typically, information extraction (IE) requires a pipeline approach: first, a sequence labeling model is trained on manually annotated documents to extract relevant spans; then, when a new document arrives, a model predicts spans which are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Benjamin Townsend , Eamon Ito-Fisher , Lily Zhang , Madison May

Semantic types are a more powerful and detailed way of describing data than atomic types such as strings or integers. They establish connections between columns and concepts from the real world, providing more nuanced and fine-grained…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Shuang Wei , Michael J. Mior

Programming patterns for sequential file access in the .NET Framework are described and the performance is measured. The default behavior provides excellent performance on a single disk - 50 MBps both reading and writing. Using large…

Performance · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Peter Kukol , Jim Gray

The dominant data interchange formats encode integers using a variable number of bytes or represent floating-point numbers as variable-length UTF-8 strings. The decoder must inspect each byte for a continuation bit or parse each character…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Andrew Sampson , Yuta Saito , Ronny Chan