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Fair division mechanisms for indivisible goods require agent orderings to deterministically select one allocation when running the algorithm in practice. We introduce position envy-freeness up to one good (PEF1) as a fairness criterion for…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Ryoga Mahara , Ryuhei Mizutani , Taihei Oki , Tomohiko Yokoyama

We consider the house allocation problem, where $m$ houses are to be assigned to $n$ agents so that each agent gets exactly one house. We present a polynomial-time algorithm that determines whether an envy-free assignment exists, and if so,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-08-16 Jiarui Gan , Warut Suksompong , Alexandros A. Voudouris

The theory of algorithmic fair allocation is within the center of multi-agent systems and economics in the last decade due to its industrial and social importance. At a high level, the problem is to assign a set of items that are either…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-02-18 Haris Aziz , Bo Li , Herve Moulin , Xiaowei Wu

We study the fair allocation of indivisible goods among agents with additive valuations. The fair division literature has traditionally focused on two broad classes of fairness notions: envy-based notions and share-based notions. Within the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Hannaneh Akrami , Timo Reichert

The notion of \emph{envy-freeness} is a natural and intuitive fairness requirement in resource allocation. With indivisible goods, such fair allocations are unfortunately not guaranteed to exist. Classical works have avoided this issue by…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-05-06 Hiromichi Goko , Ayumi Igarashi , Yasushi Kawase , Kazuhisa Makino , Hanna Sumita , Akihisa Tamura , Yu Yokoi , Makoto Yokoo

We study an online version of the max-min fair allocation problem for indivisible items. In this problem, items arrive one by one, and each item must be allocated irrevocably on arrival to one of $n$ agents, who have additive valuations for…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-11-16 Yasushi Kawase , Hanna Sumita

We consider the problem of matchings under two-sided preferences in the presence of maximum as well as minimum quota requirements for the agents. This setting, studied as the Hospital Residents with Lower Quotas (HRLQ) in literature, models…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-05-19 Prem Krishnaa , Girija Limaye , Meghana Nasre , Prajakta Nimbhorkar

For a set A of n applicants and a set I of m items, we consider a problem of computing a matching of applicants to items, i.e., a function M mapping A to I; here we assume that each applicant $x \in A$ provides a preference list on items in…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2011-09-29 Toshiya Itoh , Osamu Watanabe

We study the fair allocation of indivisible goods among a group of agents, aiming to limit the envy between any two agents. The central open problem in this literature, which has proven to be extremely challenging, is regarding the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Arash Ashuri , Vasilis Gkatzelis , Alkmini Sgouritsa

We study fair allocation of indivisible items, where the items are furnished with a set of conflicts, and agents are not permitted to receive conflicting items. This kind of constraint captures, for example, participating in events that…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Halvard Hummel , Magnus Lie Hetland

We consider fair allocation of indivisible items under an additional constraint: there is an undirected graph describing the relationship between the items, and each agent's share must form a connected subgraph of this graph. This framework…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-06-07 Sylvain Bouveret , Katarína Cechlárová , Edith Elkind , Ayumi Igarashi , Dominik Peters

We study fair division of indivisible mixed manna (items whose values may be positive, negative, or zero) among agents with additive valuations. Here, we establish that fairness -- in terms of a relaxation of envy-freeness -- and Pareto…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Siddharth Barman , Vishwa Prakash HV , Aditi Sethia , Mashbat Suzuki

Envy-freeness up to any good (EFX) is a popular and important fairness property in the fair allocation of indivisible goods, of which its existence in general is still an open question. In this work, we investigate the problem of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Tzeh Yuan Neoh , Nicholas Teh

We study the problem of Envy-Free Incomplete Connected Fair Division, where exactly p vertices of an undirected graph must be allocated to agents such that each agent receives a connected share and does not envy another agent's share.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Ajaykrishnan E S , Daniel Lokshtanov

Classic cake-cutting algorithms enable people with different preferences to divide among them a heterogeneous resource (``cake''), such that the resulting division is fair according to each agent's individual preferences. However, these…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-08-06 Erel Segal-Halevi , Shmuel Nitzan , Avinatan Hassidim , Yonatan Aumann

We introduce and analyze new envy-based fairness concepts for agents with weights that quantify their entitlements in the allocation of indivisible items. We propose two variants of weighted envy-freeness up to one item (WEF1): strong,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-08-18 Mithun Chakraborty , Ayumi Igarashi , Warut Suksompong , Yair Zick

We initiate the study of multi-layered cake cutting with the goal of fairly allocating multiple divisible resources (layers of a cake) among a set of agents. The key requirement is that each agent can only utilize a single resource at each…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-04-29 Hadi Hosseini , Ayumi Igarashi , Andrew Searns

We study the problem of finding an envy-free allocation of indivisible goods among agents with additive valuations. We focus on the fairness notion of envy-freeness up to any good (EFX). A central open question in fair division is whether…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Vishwa Prakash HV , Pratik Ghosal , Prajakta Nimbhorkar , Nithin Varma

We study a fair division problem in (multi)graphs where $n$ agents (vertices) are pairwise connected by items (edges), and each agent is only interested in its incident items. We consider how to allocate items to incident agents in an…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Bo Li , Ankang Sun , Mashbat Suzuki , Shiji Xing

We study the stable marriage problem in two-sided markets with randomly generated preferences. We consider agents on each side divided into a constant number of "soft tiers", which intuitively indicate the quality of the agent.…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-01-14 Itai Ashlagi , Mark Braverman , Amin Saberi , Clayton Thomas , Geng Zhao