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This study critically analyses the information-theoretic, axiomatic and combinatorial philosophical bases of the entropy and cross-entropy concepts. The combinatorial basis is shown to be the most fundamental (most primitive) of these three…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-07-13 Robert K. Niven

This article introduces a new instrumental variable approach for estimating unknown population parameters with data having nonrandom missing values. With coarse and discrete instruments, Shao and Wang (2016) proposed a semiparametric method…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-11-19 Arkaprabha Ganguli , David Todem

In the context of the usual calibration model, we consider the case in which the independent variable is unobservable, but a pre-fixed value on its surrogate is available. Thus, considering controlled variables and assuming that the…

Applications · Statistics 2008-02-06 Betsabé G. Blas Achic , Mônica C. Sandoval , Olga Satomi Yoshida

In this paper we have proposed an almost unbiased estimator using known value of some population parameter(s) with known population proportion of an auxiliary variable. A class of estimators is defined which includes [1], [2] and [3]…

Applications · Statistics 2014-06-04 Sachin Malik , Rajesh Singh , SB Gupta

Predictive models are often introduced to decision-making tasks under the rationale that they improve performance over an existing decision-making policy. However, it is challenging to compare predictive performance against an existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Luke Guerdan , Amanda Coston , Kenneth Holstein , Zhiwei Steven Wu

We develop our previous works concerning the identification of the collection of significant factors determining some, in general, non-binary random response variable. Such identification is important, e.g., in biological and medical…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-06-05 Alexander V. Bulinski , Alexander S. Rakitko

Managers, employers, policymakers, and others often seek to understand whether decisions are biased against certain groups. One popular analytic strategy is to estimate disparities after adjusting for observed covariates, typically with a…

Applications · Statistics 2024-01-29 Jongbin Jung , Sam Corbett-Davies , Johann D. Gaebler , Ravi Shroff , Sharad Goel

Conditioning on some set of confounders that causally affect both treatment and outcome variables can be sufficient for eliminating bias introduced by all such confounders when estimating causal effect of the treatment on the outcome from…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-04-24 Priyantha Wijayatunga

We consider a distributed learning setting where each agent/learner holds a specific parametric model and data source. The goal is to integrate information across a set of learners to enhance the prediction accuracy of a given learner. A…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-09-21 Jiaying Zhou , Jie Ding , Kean Ming Tan , Vahid Tarokh

Accurately estimating the proportion of true signals among a large number of variables is crucial for enhancing the precision and reliability of scientific research. Traditional signal proportion estimators often assume independence among…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-15 Jingtian Bai , Xinge Jessie Jeng

Missing data occur frequently in empirical studies in health and social sciences, often compromising our ability to make accurate inferences. An outcome is said to be missing not at random (MNAR) if, conditional on the observed variables,…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-01-23 BaoLuo Sun , Lan Liu , Wang Miao , Kathleen Wirth , James Robins , Eric Tchetgen Tchetgen

Blockwise missing data occurs frequently when we integrate multisource or multimodality data where different sources or modalities contain complementary information. In this paper, we consider a high-dimensional linear regression model with…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-06-30 Fei Xue , Rong Ma , Hongzhe Li

In an empirical study of persuasion, researchers often use a binary instrument to encourage individuals to consume information and take some action. We show that, with a binary Imbens-Angrist instrumental variable model and the monotone…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-07-02 Zeyang Yu

This paper proposes the asymmetric linear double autoregression, which jointly models the conditional mean and conditional heteroscedasticity characterized by asymmetric effects. A sufficient condition is established for the existence of a…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-04-22 Songhua Tan , Qianqian Zhu

Learning causal relationships among a set of variables, as encoded by a directed acyclic graph, from observational data is complicated by the presence of unobserved confounders. Instrumental variables (IVs) are a popular remedy for this…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-17 Jing Zou , Wei Li , Wei Lin

To characterize the Kullback-Leibler divergence and Fisher information in general parametrized hidden Markov models, in this paper, we first show that the log likelihood and its derivatives can be represented as an additive functional of a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-03-15 Cheng-Der Fuh , Chu-Lan Michael Kao , Tianxiao Pang

Marginal model is a popular instrument for studying longitudinal data and cluster data. This paper investigates the estimator of marginal model with subgroup auxiliary information. To marginal model, we propose a new type of auxiliary…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-06-11 Jie He , Xiaogang Duan , Shumei Zhang , Hui Li

In this paper, we propose a model averaging approach for addressing model uncertainty in the context of partial linear functional additive models. These models are designed to describe the relation between a response and mixed-types of…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-06-12 Shishi Liu , Jingxiao Zhang

Recovering and distinguishing between the strict-preference, indifference and/or indecisiveness parts of a decision maker's preferences is a challenging task but also important for testing theory and conducting welfare analysis. This paper…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-09-15 Georgios Gerasimou

We investigate the issue of post-selection inference for a fixed and a mixed parameter in a linear mixed model using a conditional Akaike information criterion as a model selection procedure. Within the framework of linear mixed models we…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-09-24 Gerda Claeskens , Katarzyna Reluga , Stefan Sperlich
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