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We investigate random Bernoulli convolutions, namely, probability measures given by the infinite convolution \[ \mu_\omega = \mathop{\circledast}_{k=1}^{\infty} \left( \frac{\delta_0 + \delta_{\lambda_1 \lambda_2 \ldots \lambda_{k-1}…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-08-06 Simon Baker , Henna Koivusalo , Sascha Troscheit , Xintian Zhang

In a general measure space $(X,\mathcal L,\lambda)$, a characterization of weakly null sequences in $L_\infty (X,\mathcal L,\lambda)$ ($u_k \rightharpoonup 0$) in terms of their pointwise behaviour almost everywhere is derived from the…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2018-09-18 J F Toland

Measurement is a fundamental notion in the usual approximate quantum mechanics of measured subsystems. Probabilities are predicted for the outcomes of measurements. State vectors evolve unitarily in between measurements and by reduction of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-01-14 James B. Hartle

A mode, or `most likely point', for a probability measure $\mu$ can be defined in various ways via the asymptotic behaviour of the $\mu$-mass of balls as their radius tends to zero. Such points are of intrinsic interest in the local theory…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-08-15 Ilja Klebanov , Hefin Lambley , T. J. Sullivan

In this paper, we study the smoothness of the density function of absolutely continuous measures supported on random self-similar sets on the line. We show that the natural projection of a measure with symbolic local dimension greater than…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-05-20 Balázs Bárány , Michał Rams

The main aim of the paper is to introduce a new class of (semigroup-valued) measures that are ultrahomogeneous on the Boolean algebra of all clopen subsets of the Cantor space and to study their automorphism groups. A characterisation, in…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-06-27 Piotr Niemiec

We study the computational problem of the stationarity test for the empirical loss of neural networks with ReLU activation functions. Our contributions are: Hardness: We show that checking a certain first-order approximate stationarity…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-02-27 Lai Tian , Anthony Man-Cho So

Let $X$ be a locally compact Polish space. A random measure on $X$ is a probability measure on the space of all (nonnegative) Radon measures on $X$. Denote by $\mathbb K(X)$ the cone of all Radon measures $\eta$ on $X$ which are of the form…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-03-17 Yuri Kondratiev , Tobias Kuna , Eugene Lytvynov

The Burton--Keane theorem for the almost-sure uniqueness of infinite clusters is a landmark of stochastic geometry. Let $\mu$ be a translation-invariant probability measure with the finite-energy property on the edge-set of a…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Geoffrey Grimmett

The notion of probability plays an important role in almost all areas of science and technology. In modern mathematics, however, probability theory means nothing other than measure theory, and the operational characterization of the notion…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-12-17 Kohtaro Tadaki

Gathering data through measurements is at the basis of every experimental science. Ideally, measurements should be repeatable and, when extracting only coarse-grained data, they should allow the experimenter to retrieve the finer details at…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-04-21 G. Chiribella , X. Yuan

We study random Hamiltonians on finite-size cubes and waveguide segments of increasing diameter. The number of random parameters determining the operator is proportional to the volume of the cube. In the asymptotic regime where the cube…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2016-01-15 Denis Borisov , Anastasia Golovina , Ivan Veselic

A Martin-L\"of test $\mathcal U$ is universal if it captures all non-Martin-L\"of random sequences, and it is optimal if for every ML-test $\mathcal V$ there is a $c \in \omega$ such that $\forall n(\mathcal{V}_{n+c} \subseteq…

Logic · Mathematics 2014-10-10 Rupert Hölzl , Paul Shafer

We prove structure theorems for measures on the discrete cube and on Gaussian space, which provide sufficient conditions for mean-field behavior. These conditions rely on a new notion of complexity for such measures, namely the…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-07-02 Ronen Eldan

Projective measurement is used as a fundamental axiom in quantum mechanics, even though it is discontinuous and cannot predict which measured operator eigenstate will be observed in which experimental run. The probabilistic Born rule gives…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-09 Apoorva Patel , Parveen Kumar

Maximal repetition of a string is the maximal length of a repeated substring. This paper investigates maximal repetition of strings drawn from stochastic processes. Strengthening previous results, two new bounds for the almost sure growth…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-03-11 Łukasz Dębowski

We investigate the power of weak measurements in the framework of quantum state discrimination. First, we define and analyze the notion of weak consecutive measurements. Our main result is a convergence theorem whereby we demonstrate when…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-23 Boaz Tamir , Eliahu Cohen , Avner Priel

This paper provides a construction of an uncountable family of i.i.d. random vectors, indexed by the points of a nonatomic measure space, such that (a) a sample is a measurable function from the index space, and (b) an idealization of the…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-04-02 Edward J. Green

We solve the problem of estimating the distribution of presumed i.i.d. observations for the total variation loss. Our approach is based on density models and is versatile enough to cope with many different ones, including some density…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-01-05 Y. Baraud , H. Halconruy , G. Maillard

We give a new characterization for mutual absolute continuity of probability measures on a filtered space. For this, we introduce a martingale limit $M$ that measures the similarity between the tails of the probability measures restricted…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-11-28 Matthias Georg Mayer