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We have measured the 3.6 micron luminosity evolution of about 1000 galaxies in 32 clusters at 0.2<z<1.25, without any a priori assumption about luminosity evolution, i.e. in a logically rigorous way. We find that the luminosity of our…
We recently determined the mass of the most massive star known to the date, R136a1 with a mass at birth 320 times the mass of our sun, as well as the mass of several other stars that are more massive than 150 M. Such massive stars (~150-300…
We study the baryonic, chemical and dynamical properties of a significantly large sample of early proto-galaxies in the first 500 Myr of the Universe (redshift z>9), obtained from high-resolution numerical, N-body, hydrodynamical, chemistry…
ALMA observations of the long wavelength dust continuum are used to estimate the gas masses in a sample of 708 star-forming (SF) galaxies at z = 0.3 to 4.5. We determine the dependence of gas masses and star formation efficiencies (SFE=SFR…
In this paper, we present an automated system, which has the capability to catch and track solar limb prominences based on observations from EUV 304 passband. The characteristic parameters and their evolution, including height, position…
We develop new angular momentum evolution models for stars with masses of $0.5$ to $1.6~\rm M_\odot$ and from the pre-main-sequence (\rm PMS) through the end of their main-sequence (\rm MS) lifetime. The parametric models include magnetic…
The effects of rotation on stellar evolution are particularly important at low metallicity, when mass loss by stellar winds diminishes and the surface enrichment due to rotational mixing becomes relatively more pronounced than at high…
We demonstrate that a seismic analysis of stars in their earliest evolutionary phases is a powerful method to identify young stars and distinguish their evolutionary states. The early star that is born from the gravitational collapse of a…
A model of core-clump accretion with equally likely stopping describes star formation in the dense parts of clusters, where models of isolated collapsing cores may not apply. Each core accretes at a constant rate onto its protostar, while…
Star-forming galaxies spend most of their lifetimes on the star-forming main sequence, which establishes a tight empirical and statistical relation between stellar mass and star-formation rate. Occasional episodes of rapid star formation…
Over the past two decades, an avalanche of data from multiwavelength imaging and spectroscopic surveys has revolutionized our view of galaxy formation and evolution. Here we review the range of complementary techniques and theoretical tools…
We study the radial dependence in stellar populations of 33 nearby early-type galaxies with central stellar velocity dispersions sigma* > 150 km/s. We measure stellar population properties in composite spectra, and use ratios of these…
We present analytic formulae that approximate the evolution of stars for a wide range of mass and metallicity. Stellar luminosity, radius and core mass are given as a function of age, M and Z, for all phases from the zero-age main-sequence…
The evolution and explosion of metal-free stars with masses 10--100 solar masses are followed, and their nucleosynthetic yields, light curves, and remnant masses determined. When the supernova yields are integrated over a Salpeter initial…
We present highly resolved and sensitive imaging of the five nearby massive spiral galaxies (with rotation velocities $\rm > 300 km s^{-1}$) observed by the UltraViolet Imaging Telescope onboard India's multi-wavelength astronomy satellite…
The rotation rates in the deep interior and at the surface of 22 main-sequence stars with masses between $1.0$ and $1.6\,{\rm M}_{\odot}$ are constrained by combining asteroseismological analysis with spectroscopic measurements. The…
Stars with masses in excess of 100 Msun are observed in the Local Universe, but they remain rare objects. Because of the shape of the mass function, they are expected to be present only in the most massive and youngest clusters. They may…
We combine Spitzer 24micron observations with data from the COMBO-17 survey for ~15,000 0.2<z<1 galaxies to determine how the average star formation rates (SFR) have evolved for galaxy sub-populations of different stellar masses. In the…
Massive stars can exhibit giant eruptions with high mass loss shortly before their explosion as a core-collapse Supernova. These multiple giant eruptions (MGEs) may have a commutative effect that brings the star to a different state,…
We investigate the formation and early evolution of star clusters assuming that they form from a turbulent starless clump of given mass bounded inside a parent self-gravitating molecular cloud characterized by a particular mass surface…