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We introduce a local order metric (LOM) that measures the degree of order in the neighborhood of an atomic or molecular site in a condensed medium. The LOM maximizes the overlap between the spatial distribution of sites belonging to that…
On the quest for efficient thermoelectrics, semiconducting behavior is a targeted property. Yet, this is often difficult to achieve due to the complex interplay between electronic structure, temperature, and disorder. We find this to be the…
In low-dimensional magnets, thermal agitation and spatial disorders generate strong spin fluctuations that suppress the long-range magnetic ordering. We develop an analytical equation for the equilibrium magnetization of two-dimensional…
Laser cooling and trapping are now widely used in atomic physics laboratory. Interestingly, cold atoms in optical lattices are now used in advanced research to mimic phenomena in condensed matter physics and also as a test laboratory for…
In superconductors, the motion of vortices introduces unwanted dissipation that is disruptive to applications. Fortunately, material defects can immobilize vortices, acting as vortex pinning centers, which engenders dramatic improvements in…
Ideal crystals are fully ordered, but real-world crystals always contain defects breaking translational symmetry. Random defects in crystals have important implications and they e.g. provide the foundation for semiconductor-based electronic…
This article will give an overview on both theoretical and experimental developments concerning states with lattice symmetry breaking in the cuprate high-temperature superconductors. Recent experiments have provided evidence for states with…
In mesoscopic two-gap superconductors with sizes of the order of the coherence length noncomposite vortices are found to be thermodynamically stable in a large domain of the $T - H$ phase diagram. In these phases the vortex cores of one…
Defects in superfluid 3He, high-Tc superconductors, QCD colour superfluids and cosmic vortons can possess (anti)ferromagnetic cores, and their generalisations. In each case there is a second order parameter whose value is zero in the bulk…
We study nuclear relaxation in the presence of localized electrons in a two-dimensional electron gas in a disordered delta-doped semiconductor heterostructure and show that this method can reliably probe their magnetic interactions and…
Synthetic dimensions alter one of the most fundamental properties in nature, the dimension of space. They allow, for example, a real three-dimensional system to act as effectively four-dimensional. Driven by such possibilities, synthetic…
We consider the two dimensional (2D) classical lattice Coulomb gas as a model for magnetic field induced vortices in 2D superconducting networks. Two different dynamical rules are introduced to investigate driven diffusive steady states far…
We discuss the possible existence of a superconducting phase at high magnetic field in organic quasi-one-dimensional conductors. We consider in particular (i) the formation of a Larkin-Ovchinnikov-Fulde-Ferrell state, (ii) the role of a…
Local magnetic moments in disordered sytems can be described in terms of annealed magnetic disorder, in addition to the underlying quenched disorder. It is shown that for noninteracting electron systems at zero temperature, the annealed…
The work presented in my doctoral thesis is an experimental investigation of the nature of order to disorder transition of vortex lattice in a Type-II superconductor namely Co-intercalated 2H-NbSe2 using scanning tunnelling spectroscopy and…
A measurement technique is described which has the potential to map the atomic site occupancies of ultracold atoms in a short-period three-dimensional optical lattice. The method uses accordion and pinning lattices, together with…
Incommensurate charge order in hole-doped oxides is intertwined with exotic phenomena such as colossal magnetoresistance, high-temperature superconductivity, and electronic nematicity. Here, we map at atomic resolution the nature of…
We report high magnetic field linear magnetostriction experiments on CeCoIn$_5$ single crystals. Two features are remarkable: (i) a sharp discontinuity in all the crystallographic axes associated with the upper superconducting critical…
So-called polar liquid crystals possess spontaneous long-range mutual orientation of their electric dipole moments, conferring bulk polarity to fluid phases of matter. The combination of polarity and fluidity leads to complex phase…
Cold atoms in optical lattices offer an exciting new laboratory where quantum many-body phenomena can be realized in a highly controlled way. They can even serve as quantum simulators for notoriously difficult problems like high-temperature…