English
Related papers

Related papers: A Combinatorial Solution to Causal Compatibility

200 papers

We consider basic conceptual questions concerning the relationship between statistical estimation and causal inference. Firstly, we show how to translate causal inference problems into an abstract statistical formalism without requiring any…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-07-22 Oliver J. Maclaren , Ruanui Nicholson

Assessing the magnitude of cause-and-effect relations is one of the central challenges found throughout the empirical sciences. The problem of identification of causal effects is concerned with determining whether a causal effect can be…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-12-18 Amin Jaber , Jiji Zhang , Elias Bareinboim

Graph matching is a challenging problem with very important applications in a wide range of fields, from image and video analysis to biological and biomedical problems. We propose a robust graph matching algorithm inspired in…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2013-11-26 Marcelo Fiori , Pablo Sprechmann , Joshua Vogelstein , Pablo Musé , Guillermo Sapiro

Observational studies provide invaluable opportunities to draw causal inference, but they may suffer from biases due to pretreatment difference between treated and control units. Matching is a popular approach to reduce observed covariate…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-17 Xinran Li

While witnessing the exceptional success of machine learning (ML) technologies in many applications, users are starting to notice a critical shortcoming of ML: correlation is a poor substitute for causation. The conventional way to discover…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Ahmet Kapkiç , Pratanu Mandal , Shu Wan , Paras Sheth , Abhinav Gorantla , Yoonhyuk Choi , Huan Liu , K. Selçuk Candan

The concept of Probability of Causation (PC) is critically important in legal contexts and can help in many other domains. While it has been around since 1986, current operationalizations can obtain only the minimum and maximum values of…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-08-14 Tapajit Dey , Audris Mockus

A perplexing problem in understanding physical reality is why the universe seems comprehensible, and correspondingly why there should exist physical systems capable of comprehending it. In this essay I explore the possibility that rather…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2015-11-10 Sara Imari Walker

The interpretability of prediction mechanisms with respect to the underlying prediction problem is often unclear. While several studies have focused on developing prediction models with meaningful parameters, the causal relationships…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-09-05 Patrick Blöbaum , Shohei Shimizu

Causal abstractions allow us to relate causal models on different levels of granularity. To ensure that the models agree on cause and effect, frameworks for causal abstractions define notions of consistency. Two distinct methods for causal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Willem Schooltink , Fabio Massimo Zennaro

We present a categorical framework for relating causal models that represent the same system at different levels of abstraction. We define a causal abstraction as natural transformations between appropriate Markov functors, which concisely…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-07 Markus Englberger , Devendra Singh Dhami

We aim to create the highest possible quality of treatment-control matches for categorical data in the potential outcomes framework. Matching methods are heavily used in the social sciences due to their interpretability, but most matching…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-06-11 Yameng Liu , Aw Dieng , Sudeepa Roy , Cynthia Rudin , Alexander Volfovsky

Most causal discovery procedures assume that there are no latent confounders in the system, which is often violated in real-world problems. In this paper, we consider a challenging scenario for causal structure identification, where some…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-06 Biwei Huang , Charles Jia Han Low , Feng Xie , Clark Glymour , Kun Zhang

In many scientific tasks we are interested in discovering whether there exist any correlations in our data. This raises many questions, such as how to reliably and interpretably measure correlation between a multivariate set of attributes,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-02 Panagiotis Mandros , Mario Boley , Jilles Vreeken

Complex information-processing systems, for example quantum circuits, cryptographic protocols, or multi-player games, are naturally described as networks composed of more basic information-processing systems. A modular analysis of such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-27 Christopher Portmann , Christian Matt , Ueli Maurer , Renato Renner , Björn Tackmann

Much of the causal discovery literature prioritises guaranteeing the identifiability of causal direction in statistical models. For structures within a Markov equivalence class, this requires strong assumptions which may not hold in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-05-29 Anish Dhir , Samuel Power , Mark van der Wilk

In the fundamental statistics course, students are taught to remember the well-known saying: "Correlation is not Causation". Till now, statistics (i.e., correlation) have developed various successful frameworks, such as Transformer and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Ning Xu , Yifei Gao , Hongshuo Tian , Yongdong Zhang , An-An Liu

Causal discovery outputs a causal structure, represented by a graph, from observed data. For time series data, there is a variety of methods, however, it is difficult to evaluate these on real data as realistic use cases very rarely come…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-31 Søren Wengel Mogensen , Karin Rathsman , Per Nilsson

Ensuring fairness in computational problems has emerged as a $key$ topic during recent years, buoyed by considerations for equitable resource distributions and social justice. It $is$ possible to incorporate fairness in computational…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Abolfazl Asudeh , Tanya Berger-Wolf , Bhaskar DasGupta , Anastasios Sidiropoulos

Finding a \emph{single} best solution is the most common objective in combinatorial optimization problems. However, such a single solution may not be applicable to real-world problems as objective functions and constraints are only…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Tesshu Hanaka , Masashi Kiyomi , Yasuaki Kobayashi , Yusuke Kobayashi , Kazuhiro Kurita , Yota Otachi

In a decision problem, observations are said to be material if they must be taken into account to perform optimally. Decision problems have an underlying (graphical) causal structure, which may sometimes be used to evaluate certain…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2024-07-16 Ryan Carey , Sanghack Lee , Robin J. Evans