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We present a refinement of Ramsey numbers by considering graphs with a partial ordering on their vertices. This is a natural extension of the ordered Ramsey numbers. We formalize situations in which we can use arbitrary families of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-11-29 Christopher Cox , Derrick Stolee

We study a restriction of Ramsey's theorem for 2-coloring of triples, in which homogeneous sets for color~1 are of bounded size ($\mathsf{BRT}^3_2$). We prove that the computational content of this statement is very close to Ramsey's…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-04-03 Ludovic Patey , Paul Shafer

An r-book of size q is a union of q (r+1)-cliques sharing a common r-clique. We find exactly the Ramsey number of a p-clique versus r-books of sufficiently large size. Furthermore, we find asymptotically the Ramsey number of any fixed…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Vladimir Nikiforov , Cecil Rousseau

Analogues of Ramsey's Theorem for infinite structures such as the rationals or the Rado graph have been known for some time. In this context, one looks for optimal bounds, called degrees, for the number of colors in an isomorphic…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-06-03 Natasha Dobrinen

Let $r_k(s, e; t)$ denote the smallest $N$ such that any red/blue edge coloring of the complete $k$-uniform hypergraph on $N$ vertices contains either $e$ red edges among some $s$ vertices, or a blue clique of size $t$. Erd\H os and Hajnal…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-15 Ruben Ascoli , Xiaoyu He , Hung-Hsun Hans Yu

Ramsey's theorem states that each coloring has an infinite homogeneous set, but these sets can be arbitrarily spread out. Paul Erdos and Fred Galvin proved that for each coloring f, there is an infinite set that is "packed together" which…

Logic · Mathematics 2013-02-12 Stephen Flood

Extending an earlier conjecture of Erd\H{o}s, Burr and Rosta conjectured that among all two-colorings of the edges of a complete graph, the uniformly random coloring asymptotically minimizes the number of monochromatic copies of any fixed…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-28 Jacob Fox , Yuval Wigderson

In this paper we prove a new result about partitioning coloured complete graphs and use it to determine certain Ramsey numbers exactly. The partitioning theorem we prove is that for k at least 1, in every edge colouring of a complete graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-09-17 Alexey Pokrovskiy

The $q$-color Ramsey number of a $k$-uniform hypergraph $H$ is the minimum integer $N$ such that any $q$-coloring of the complete $k$-uniform hypergraph on $N$ vertices contains a monochromatic copy of $H$. The study of these numbers is one…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-08-22 Domagoj Bradač , Jacob Fox , Benny Sudakov

Haxell et. al. [%P. Haxell, T. Luczak, Y. Peng, V. R\"{o}dl, A. %Ruci\'{n}ski, M. Simonovits, J. Skokan, The Ramsey number for hypergraph cycles I, J. Combin. Theory, Ser. A, 113 (2006), 67-83] proved that the 2-color Ramsey number of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-11-27 Gholamreza Omidi , Maryam Shahsiah

The celebrated canonical Ramsey theorem of Erd\H{o}s and Rado implies that for a given $k$-uniform hypergraph (or $k$-graph) $H$, if $n$ is sufficiently large then any colouring of the edges of the complete $k$-graph $K^{(k)}_n$ gives rise…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-10 José D. Alvarado , Yoshiharu Kohayakawa , Patrick Morris , Guilherme O. Mota

A construction described by the current author (2017) uses two linear prototypes to build a compound graph with Ramsey properties inherited from the prototype graphs. The resulting graph is linear; and cyclic if both prototypes are cyclic.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-08-14 Fred Rowley

A graph $G$ is semilinear of complexity $t$ if the vertices of $G$ are elements of $\mathbb{R}^{d}$ for some $d\in\mathbb{Z}^{+}$, and the edges of $G$ are defined by the sign patterns of $t$ linear functions…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-02-25 István Tomon

We exhibit a family of $3$-uniform hypergraphs with the property that their $2$-colour Ramsey numbers grow polynomially in the number of vertices, while their $4$-colour Ramsey numbers grow exponentially. This is the first example of a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-11-03 David Conlon , Jacob Fox , Vojtěch Rödl

For a partially ordered set $(A, \le)$, let $G_A$ be the simple, undirected graph with vertex set $A$ such that two vertices $a \neq b\in A$ are adjacent if either $a \le b$ or $b \le a$. We call $G_A$ the \emph{partial order graph} or…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-10-22 Ayman Badawi , Roswitha Rissner

An infinite graph is highly connected if the complement of any subgraph of smaller size is connected. We consider weaker versions of Ramsey's Theorem asserting that in any coloring of the edges of a complete graph there exist large highly…

Logic · Mathematics 2018-12-18 Jeffrey Bergfalk , Michael Hrušák , Saharon Shelah

The size-Ramsey number of a graph $G$ is the minimum number of edges in a graph $H$ such that every 2-edge-coloring of $H$ yields a monochromatic copy of $G$. Size-Ramsey numbers of graphs have been studied for almost 40 years with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-03-24 Andrzej Dudek , Steven La Fleur , Dhruv Mubayi , Vojtech Rodl

In this thesis, we investigate the computational content and the logical strength of Ramsey's theorem and its consequences. For this, we use the frameworks of reverse mathematics and of computable reducibility. We proceed to a systematic…

Logic · Mathematics 2016-02-19 Ludovic Patey

For positive integers $n,r,s$ with $r > s$, the set-coloring Ramsey number $R(n;r,s)$ is the minimum $N$ such that if every edge of the complete graph $K_N$ receives a set of $s$ colors from a palette of $r$ colors, then there is a subset…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-08-15 David Conlon , Jacob Fox , Huy Tuan Pham , Yufei Zhao

We show that canonical Ramsey numbers for partite hypergraphs grow single exponentially for any fixed uniformity.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-26 Matías Azócar Carvajal , Giovanne Santos , Mathias Schacht