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Node classification on graphs is an important research problem with many applications. Real-world graph data sets may not be balanced and accurate as assumed by most existing works. A challenging setting is positive-unlabeled (PU) node…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Hansi Yang , Yongqi Zhang , Quanming Yao , James Kwok

Partial label learning (PLL) is a typical weakly supervised learning problem in which each instance is associated with a candidate label set, and among which only one is true. However, the assumption that the ground-truth label is always…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Yu Shi , Ning Xu , Hua Yuan , Xin Geng

Detecting illicit nodes on blockchain networks is a valuable task for strengthening future regulation. Recent machine learning-based methods proposed to tackle the tasks are using some blockchain transaction datasets with a small portion of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Junliang Luo , Farimah Poursafaei , Xue Liu

Attribute bias in federated learning (FL) typically leads local models to optimize inconsistently due to the learning of non-causal associations, resulting degraded performance. Existing methods either use data augmentation for increasing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Zhuang Qi , Sijin Zhou , Lei Meng , Han Hu , Han Yu , Xiangxu Meng

The Document Set Expansion (DSE) task involves identifying relevant documents from large collections based on a limited set of example documents. Previous research has highlighted Positive and Unlabeled (PU) learning as a promising approach…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Haiyang Zhang , Qiuyi Chen , Yuanjie Zou , Yushan Pan , Jia Wang , Mark Stevenson

One of the most promising approaches for unsupervised learning is combining deep representation learning and deep clustering. Some recent works propose to simultaneously learn representation using deep neural networks and perform clustering…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Mina Rezaei , Emilio Dorigatti , David Ruegamer , Bernd Bischl

Continual Learning (CL) is crucial for enabling networks to dynamically adapt as they learn new tasks sequentially, accommodating new data and classes without catastrophic forgetting. Diverging from conventional perspectives on CL, our…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-12 Nourhan Bayasi , Jamil Fayyad , Alceu Bissoto , Ghassan Hamarneh , Rafeef Garbi

Recently, One-stage Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation (WSSS) with image-level labels has gained increasing interest due to simplification over its cumbersome multi-stage counterpart. Limited by the inherent ambiguity of Class…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Yuanchen Wu , Xichen Ye , Kequan Yang , Jide Li , Xiaoqiang Li

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) has achieved great success in leveraging a large amount of unlabeled data to learn a promising classifier. A popular approach is pseudo-labeling that generates pseudo labels only for those unlabeled data with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-29 Qinyi Deng , Yong Guo , Zhibang Yang , Haolin Pan , Jian Chen

We study estimation of a class prior for unlabeled target samples which possibly differs from that of source population. Moreover, it is assumed that the source data is partially observable: only samples from the positive class and from the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-22 Jan Mielniczuk , Wojciech Rejchel , Paweł Teisseyre

We consider the task of optimally fine-tuning pre-trained multilingual models, given small amounts of unlabelled target data and an annotation budget. In this paper, we introduce DEMUX, a framework that prescribes the exact data-points to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Simran Khanuja , Srinivas Gowriraj , Lucio Dery , Graham Neubig

Reliable data is a cornerstone of modern organizational systems. A notable data integrity challenge stems from label bias, which refers to systematic errors in a label, a covariate that is central to a quantitative analysis, such that its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Yunyi Li , Maria De-Arteaga , Maytal Saar-Tsechansky

As backdoor attacks become more stealthy and robust, they reveal critical weaknesses in current defense strategies: detection methods often rely on coarse-grained feature statistics, and purification methods typically require full…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Man Hu , Yahui Ding , Yatao Yang , Liangyu Chen , Yanhao Jia , Shuai Zhao

Self-learning is a classical approach for learning with both labeled and unlabeled observations which consists in giving pseudo-labels to unlabeled training instances with a confidence score over a predetermined threshold. At the same time,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-30 Vasilii Feofanov , Emilie Devijver , Massih-Reza Amini

Pseudo-label (PL) filtering forms a crucial part of Self-Training (ST) methods for unsupervised domain adaptation. Dropout-based Uncertainty-driven Self-Training (DUST) proceeds by first training a teacher model on source domain labeled…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-16 Nauman Dawalatabad , Sameer Khurana , Antoine Laurent , James Glass

Knowledge distillation with unlabeled examples is a powerful training paradigm for generating compact and lightweight student models in applications where the amount of labeled data is limited but one has access to a large pool of unlabeled…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Vasilis Kontonis , Fotis Iliopoulos , Khoa Trinh , Cenk Baykal , Gaurav Menghani , Erik Vee

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) seeks to enhance task performance by training on both labeled and unlabeled data. Mainstream SSL image classification methods mostly optimize a loss that additively combines a supervised classification…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Zhe Huang , Xiaowei Yu , Dajiang Zhu , Michael C. Hughes

Self-supervised speech models have achieved remarkable success on content-driven tasks, yet they remain limited in capturing speaker-discriminative features critical for verification, diarization, and profiling applications. We introduce…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Massa Baali , Rita Singh , Bhiksha Raj

Training a classifier exploiting a huge amount of supervised data is expensive or even prohibited in a situation, where the labeling cost is high. The remarkable progress in working with weaker forms of supervision is binary classification…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Yuhao Wu , Xiaobo Xia , Jun Yu , Bo Han , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama , Tongliang Liu

Many studies have shown various biases targeting different demographic groups in language models, amplifying discrimination and harming fairness. Recent parameter modification debiasing approaches significantly degrade core capabilities…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Dianqing Liu , Yi Liu , Guoqing Jin , Zhendong Mao