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Related papers: Does the second law hold at cosmic scales?

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We investigate the validity of the generalized second law of thermodynamics, in the cosmological scenario where dark energy interacts with both dark matter and radiation. Calculating separately the entropy variation for each fluid component…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-07-20 Mubasher Jamil , Emmanuel N. Saridakis , M. R. Setare

The present work shows that the second law of thermodynamics gets naturally satisfied during the entire cosmic evolution of the universe starting from inflation to the late dark energy era, without imposing any exotic condition. This makes…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-02-05 Sergei D. Odintsov , Tanmoy Paul , Soumitra SenGupta

By applying the generalized second law to the apparent horizon of a homogeneous and isotropic universe and imposing that the equation of state is no less than $-1$, it is seen that universes with either flat or closed spatial sections are…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-10 Diego Pavon

A classical and quantum mechanical generalized second law of thermodynamics in cosmology implies constraints on the effective equation of state of the universe in the form of energy conditions, obeyed by many known cosmological solutions,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 Ram Brustein

Reasonable parametrizations of the current Hubble data set of the expansion rate of our homogeneous and isotropic universe, after suitable smoothing of these data, strongly suggests that the area of the apparent horizon increases…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-04-11 Narayan Banerjee , Purba Mukherjee , Diego Pavón

It is established that black holes have entropy and behave as thermodynamical systems. Associating entropy to gravitational fields has not remained limited to black holes, necessitating the notion of the second law of thermodynamics in…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-03-26 V. R. Shajiee , M. M. Sheikh-Jabbari

Using the corrected entropy-area relation motivated by the loop quantum gravity, we investigate the validity of the generalized second law of thermodynamics in the framework of modified FRW cosmology. We consider a non-flat universe filled…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-04-21 K. Karami , A. Sheykhi , N. Sahraei , S. Ghaffari

An interesting question to explore in physics classes is whether gravity violates the second law of thermodynamics. Standard physics textbooks provide little to no discussion of the relationship between entropy and gravity, and the same is…

General Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Jorge Pinochet , Giorgio Sonnino

First and second laws of black hole thermodynamics are examined at the apparent horizon of FRW spacetime in $f(R,R_{\alpha\beta}R^{\alpha\beta} ,\phi)$ gravity, where $R$, $R_{\alpha\beta}R^{\alpha\beta}$ and $\phi$ are the Ricci scalar,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-11-17 M. Zubair , Farzana Kousar , Sebastian Bahamonde

The generalized second law of thermodynamics for a system containing a black hole dynamical horizon is proposed in a covariant way. Its validity is also tested in case of adiabatically collapsing thick light shells.

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Song He , Hongbao Zhang

We discuss the generalized second law of thermodynamics in three different systems by taking quantum corrections (logarithmic and power law) to cosmological horizon entropy as well as black hole entropy. Firstly, we consider phantom energy…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-15 M. Sharif , Abdul Jawad

Motivated by recent results on non-vanishing spatial curvature \cite{curve} we employ the holographic model of dark energy to investigate the validity of first and second laws of thermodynamics in non-flat (closed) universe enclosed by…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 M. R. Setare , S. Shafei

The first law of black hole thermodynamics is suitable for any diffeomorphism invariant gravity, and the entropy in the first law is the Wald entropy which is highly dependent on the non-minimal coupling interactions in the theory of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-10-09 Xin-Yang Wang , Jie Jiang

The large-scale homogeneity and isotropy of the universe is generally thought to imply a well defined background cosmological model. It may not. Smoothing over structure adds in an extra contribution, transferring power from small scales up…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-05 Julian Adamek , Chris Clarkson , Ruth Durrer , Martin Kunz

We have considered the flat FRW model of the universe which is filled with only dark energy. The general descriptions of first and second laws of thermodynamics are investigated on the apparent horizon and event horizon of the universe. We…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-01-27 Samarpita Bhattacharya , Ujjal Debnath

After studying the energy-momentum relation of charged particles' Hamilton-Jacobi equations, we discuss the laws of thermodynamics and the weak cosmic censorship conjecture in torus-like black holes. We find that both the first law of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-05-01 Yi-Wen Han , Xiao-Xiong Zeng , Yun Hong

We explore thermodynamics of the apparent horizon in $f(T)$ gravity with both equilibrium and non-equilibrium descriptions. We find the same dual equilibrium/non-equilibrium formulation for $f(T)$ as for $f(R)$ gravity. In particular, we…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-30 Kazuharu Bamba , Chao-Qiang Geng

This study is conducted to examine the validity of generalized second law of thermodynamics (GSLT) in flat FRW for modified teleparallel gravity involving coupling between a scalar field with the torsion scalar $T$ and the boundary term…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-07-19 M. Zubair , Sebastian Bahamonde , Mubasher Jamil

The generalized second law of thermodynamics states that entropy always increases when all event horizons are attributed with an entropy proportional to their area. We test the generalized second law by investigating the change in entropy…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Tamara M. Davis , P. C. W. Davies , Charles H. Lineweaver

Black holes have often provided profound insights into the nature of gravity and the structure of space-time. The study of the mathematical properties of black objects is a major research theme of contemporary theoretical physics. This…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-05-14 Sudipta Sarkar