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Einstein's theory of General Relativity was proposed over 100 years ago and has successfully passed a large number of observational tests in weak gravitational fields. On the contrary, the strong field regime is still largely unexplored.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-10-29 Cosimo Bambi

We review the timing and spectral evolution of black hole X-ray binary systems, with emphasis on the current accretion-ejection paradigm. When in outburst, stellar mass black hole binaries may become the brightest X-ray sources in the sky.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-04-05 Emrah Kalemci , Erin Kara , John A. Tomsick

General relativity has been tested by many experiments, which, however, almost exclusively probe weak spacetime curvatures. In this thesis, I create two frameworks for testing general relativity in the strong-field regime with observations…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-11 Tim Johannsen

Gravitational wave observations will be excellent tools for making precise measurements of processes that occur in very strong-field regions of spacetime. Extreme mass ratio systems, formed by the capture of a stellar mass body compact by a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-02-15 Scott A. Hughes

Two new observational windows have been opened to strong gravitational physics: gravitational waves, and very long baseline interferometry. This suggests observational searches for new phenomena in this regime, and in particular for those…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-08-07 Steven B. Giddings , Seth Koren , Gabriel Treviño

In this paper, we review our current efforts to test General Relativity in the strong field regime by studying the reflection spectrum of supermassive black holes. So far we have analyzed 11 sources with observations of NuSTAR, Suzaku,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-06-19 Askar B. Abdikamalov , Dimitry Ayzenberg , Cosimo Bambi , Sourabh Nampalliwar , Ashutosh Tripathi , Jelen Wong , Yerong Xu , Jinli Yan , Yunfeng Yan , Yuchan Yang

The coalescences of stellar-mass black-hole binaries through their inspiral, merger, and ringdown are among the most promising sources for ground-based gravitational-wave (GW) detectors. If a GW signal is observed with sufficient…

Most X-ray novae (aka soft X-ray transients) contain black hole primaries. In particular, the large mass functions measured for six X-ray novae directly clinch the argument (within general relativity) that they contain black holes. These…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 Jeffrey E. McClintock

The theory of general relativity (GR) is the standard framework for the description of gravitation and the geometric structure of spacetime. With the recent advancement of observational instruments, it has become possible to probe the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-04 Swarnim Shashank , Cosimo Bambi , Rittick Roy

The black hole in the center of the Milky Way has been observed and modeled intensely during the last decades. It is also the prime target of a number of new experiments that aim to zoom into the vicinity of its horizon and reveal the inner…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-20 Dimitrios Psaltis , Tim Johannsen

Relativistic reflection features are commonly observed in the X-ray spectra of accreting black holes. In the presence of high quality data and with the correct astrophysical model, X-ray reflection spectroscopy can be quite a powerful tool…

General relativity has passed all solar system experiments and neutron star based tests, such as binary pulsar observations, with flying colors. A more exotic arena for testing general relativity is in systems that contain one or more black…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-02-19 Kent Yagi , Leo C. Stein

The fluctuating brightness of cosmic X-ray sources, particularly accreting black holes and neutron star systems, has enabled enormous progress in understanding the physics of turbulent accretion flows, the behaviour of matter on the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-02-05 S. Vaughan , P. Uttley

General Relativity (GR) remains the most accurate theory of gravity to date. It has passed many experimental tests in the Solar System as well as binary pulsar, cosmological and gravitational-wave (GW) observations. Some of these tests…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-03-13 Marta Colleoni , N. V. Krishnendu , Pierre Mourier , Sayantani Bera , Xisco Jiménez-Forteza

The direct discovery of gravitational waves from compact binary systems leads for the first time to explore the possibility of black hole spectroscopy. Newly formed black holes produced by coalescing events are copious emitters of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-05-24 Andrea Maselli , Kostas Kokkotas , Pablo Laguna

The advent of long-term stability in numerical relativity has yielded a windfall of answers to long-standing questions regarding the dynamics of space-time, matter, and electromagnetic fields in the strong-field regime of black-hole binary…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-20 Sean T. McWilliams

Effective field theory methods suggest that some rather-general extensions of General Relativity include, or are mimicked by, certain higher-order curvature corrections, with coupling constants expected to be small but otherwise arbitrary.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-08-29 Vitor Cardoso , Masashi Kimura , Andrea Maselli , Leonardo Senatore

Recent developments in the field of gravitational physics, including the emergence of gravitational wave astronomy, black hole images, and more accurate telescopes, have allowed us to probe the strong-field character of gravity in a novel…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-08-08 Georgios Antoniou

Observations of X-ray emissions from binary systems have always been considered important tools to test the validity of General Relativity in strong-field regimes. The pairs and triplets of high frequency quasi-periodic oscillations…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 L. Rezzolla

Blurred reflection features are commonly observed in the X-ray spectra of accreting black holes. In the presence of high-quality data and with the correct astrophysical model, X-ray reflection spectroscopy is a powerful tool to probe the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-10-15 Cosimo Bambi