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The pigeonhole principle: "If you put three pigeons in two pigeonholes at least two of the pigeons end up in the same hole" is an obvious yet fundamental principle of Nature as it captures the very essence of counting. Here however we show…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-07-14 Y. Aharonov , F. Colombo , S. Popescu , I. Sabadini , D. C. Struppa , J. Tollaksen

In the paper, it is argued that the phenomenon known as the quantum pigeonhole principle (namely, three quantum particles are put in two boxes, yet no two particles are in the same box) can be explained not as a violation of Dirichlet's box…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-16 Arkady Bolotin

Quantum pigeonhole principle states that if there are three pigeons and two boxes then there are instances where no two pigeons are in the same box which seems to defy classical pigeonhole counting principle. Here, we investigate the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-30 Narendra N. Hegade , Antariksha Das , Swarnadeep Seth , Prasanta K. Panigrahi

It was recently argued that the pigeonhole principle, which states that if three pigeons are put into two pigeonholes then at least one pigeonhole must contain more than one pigeon, is violated in quantum systems [Y. Aharonov et al., PNAS…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-21 Raul Corrêa , Pablo L. Saldanha

There has been considerable interest in a recent preprint - arXiv/1407.3194 - describing an effect named as the Quantum Pigeonhole Principle. The classical pigeonhole principle (classical PHP) refers to a result in number theory which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-12-05 Alastair Rae , Ted Forgan

When three pigeons are in two pigeonholes, at least two of them should be in the same pigeonhole, which is called pigeonhole principle. Recently Aharonov el al have shown that the principle can be violated in a pre-postselected quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-13 Kazuhiro Yokota , Nobuyuki Imoto

The quantum pigeonhole effect (QPE) appears to contradict the classical pigeonhole principle by allowing three quantum particles distributed between two boxes to exhibit no pairwise coincidence. We show that this effect does not signal a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-17 Yanlong Sun , Haiqing Wei , Jack W. Smith , Hongbin Wang

We implement a variant of the quantum pigeonhole paradox thought experiment to study whether classical counting principles survive in the quantum domain. We observe strong measurements significantly violate the pigeonhole principle (that…

We experimentally demonstrate that when three single photons transmit through two polarization channels, in a well-defined pre- and postselected ensemble, there are no two photons in the same polarization channel by weak-strength…

A kind of paradoxical effects has been demonstrated that the pigeonhole principle, i.e., if three pigeons are put in two pigeonholes then at least two pigeons must stay in the same hole, fails in certain quantum mechanical scenario. Here we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-08-26 Sixia Yu , C. H. Oh

Bell's inequality sets a strict threshold for how strongly correlated the outcomes of measurements on two or more particles can be, if the outcomes of each measurement are independent of actions undertaken at arbitrarily distant locations.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-24 David I. Kaiser

Quantum simulators based on nuclear spin-systems controlled by NMR techniques have been used for studying various quantum phenomena. In this work, using a four-qubit NMR quantum simulator, we investigate the recently postulated quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-12-15 Anjusha V. S. , Swathi S. Hegde , T. S Mahesh

Nonlocality is arguably one of the most fundamental and counterintuitive aspects of quantum theory. Nonlocal correlations could, however, be even more nonlocal than quantum theory allows, while still complying with basic physical principles…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-03-17 A. B. Sainz , T. Fritz , R. Augusiak , J. Bohr Brask , R. Chaves , A. Leverrier , A. Acín

In recent years, the use of information principles to understand quantum correlations has been very successful. Unfortunately, all principles considered so far have a bipartite formulation, but intrinsically multipartite principles, yet to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-03-03 T. Fritz , A. B. Sainz , R. Augusiak , J. B. Brask , R. Chaves , A. Leverrier , A. Acín

We argue that the conclusion of Bell theorem, namely, that there must be spatial non-local correlations in certain experimental situations, does not apply to typical individual measurements performed on entangled EPR pairs. Our claim is…

General Physics · Physics 2015-10-22 Victor Romero-Rochin

Entanglement and nonlocality are studied in the framework of pre-/post-selected ensembles with the aid of weak measurements and the Two-State-Vector Formalism. In addition to the EPR-Bohm experiment, we revisit the Hardy and Cheshire Cat…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-04-16 Yakir Aharonov , Eliahu Cohen

We investigate the interference setup claimed to reveal the quantum pigeonhole effect. It is a claim that it is possible that three parties travel across a two-path interferometer, but no pair of them share a path. We demonstrate the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-18 Marcin Wieśniak

A connection is revealed between the superposition principle and locality. A self consistent interpretation of the superposition principle is put forth, from which it is shown that quantum mechanics may be a local statistical theory. Then…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-11 Sheng Feng

We show that in the mathematical framework of the quantum theory the classical pigeonhole principle can be violated more directly than previously suggested, i.e., in a setting closer to the traditional statement of the principle. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-08 Gregory Reznik , Shrobona Bagchi , Justin Dressel , Lev Vaidman

It has recently been argued in Aharonov et. al. (2016) that quantum mechanics violates the Pigeon Counting Principle (PCP) which states that if one distributes three pigeons among two boxes there must be at least two pigeons in one of the…

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