Related papers: Energy in Gravitation and Noether's Theorems
This paper has three main aims: first, to give a pedagogical introduction to Noether's two theorems and their implications for energy conservation in general relativity, which was a central point of discussion between Hilbert, Klein,…
In this paper, we make a close comparison of a covariant definition of an energy/entropy in general relativity, recently proposed by a collaboration including the present authors, with existing definitions of energies such as the one from…
In this article, we will review Noether's Theorems and their application in General Relativity. We will present Noether's Theorems in their original form and restate them as they are usually applied to physics. Some basic equations of…
Noether's theorem and the invariances of the Willmore functional are used to derive conservation laws that are satisfied by the critical points of the Willmore energy subject to generic constraints. We recover in particular previous results…
We will read, through the Emmy Noether paper and the two concepts of `proper' and `improper' conservation laws, the problem, posed by Hilbert, of the nature of the law of conservation of energy in the theory of General Relativity.…
Emmy Noether proved two deep theorems, and their converses, on the connection between symmetries and conservation laws. Because these theorems are not in the mainstream of her scholarly work, which was the development of modern abstract…
The more precise definition and the more fundamental understanding of the concepts of time, energy, entropy and information are building upon the new, relativistic foundation of gravity. This lecture is an attempt to explain the basic…
Famously, Klein and Einstein were embroiled in an epistolary dispute over whether General Relativity has any physically meaningful conserved quantities. In this paper, we explore the consequences of Noether's second theorem for this debate,…
We review the Lagrangian formulation of Noether symmetries (as well as "generalized Noether symmetries") in the framework of Calculus of Variations in Jet Bundles, with a special attention to so-called "Natural Theories" and "Gauge-Natural…
A definition of gravitational energy is proposed for any theory described by a diffeomorphism-invariant Lagrangian. The mathematical structure is a Noether- current construction of Wald involving the boundary term in the action, but here it…
Based on a tentative interpretation of gravity as a pressure force, a scalar theory of gravity was previously investigated. It assumes gravitational contraction (dilation) of space (time) standards. In the static case, the same Newton law…
Noether's theorem is reviewed with a particular focus on an intermediate step between global and local gauge and coordinate transformations, namely linear transformations. We rederive the well known result that global symmetry leads to…
I shall sketch the contents of Noether's 1918 article, "Invariante Variationsprobleme", in the context of the debate on the conservation of energy that had arisen from Einstein's general theory of relativity. How original was Noether's…
We construct the gravitational energy-momentum tensor in general relativity through the Noether theorem. In particular, we explicitly demonstrate that the constructed quantity can vary as a tensor under the general coordinate…
Noether's theorem has gained outstanding importance in theoretical particle physics, because it leads to basic conservation laws, such as the conservation of momentum and of angular momentum. Closely related to this theorem, but unnoticed…
Noether's theorem is widely regarded as one of the most elegant results in theoretical physics. The article presents two simple examples that can be used to demonstrate the basic idea behind Noether's theorem, by deriving a relation between…
In Newtonian gravity it is a moot question whether energy should be localized in the field or inside matter. An argument from relativity suggests a compromise in which the contribution from the field in vacuum is positive definite. We show…
A general recipe proposed elsewhere to define, via Noether theorem, the variation of energy for a natural field theory is applied to Einstein-Maxwell theory. The electromagnetic field is analysed in the geometric framework of natural…
New symmetry theorems are obtained for field theories formulated in Minkowski spacetime, based on the recognition that such theories should be diffeomorphism invariant. These theorems, which are in fact generalized Noether theorems, have…
A new concept of internal time (viewed as a scalar temporal field) is introduced which allows one to solve the energy problem in General Relativity. The law of energy conservation means that the total energy density of the full system of…