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Stochastic separation theorems play important role in high-dimensional data analysis and machine learning. It turns out that in high dimension any point of a random set of points can be separated from other points by a hyperplane with high…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-12-02 Sergey Sidorov , Nikolai Zolotykh

Two approximations, derived from continuous expansions of Riemann-Liouville fractional derivatives into series involving integer order derivatives, are studied. Using those series, one can formally transform any problem that contains…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2013-05-10 Shakoor Pooseh , Ricardo Almeida , Delfim F. M. Torres

We analyse the convergence of the proximal gradient algorithm for convex composite problems in the presence of gradient and proximal computational inaccuracies. We derive new tighter deterministic and probabilistic bounds that we use to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-03-07 Anis Hamadouche , Yun Wu , Andrew M. Wallace , Joao F. C. Mota

Techniques from computational topology, in particular persistent homology, are becoming increasingly relevant for data analysis. Their stable metrics permit the use of many distance-based data analysis methods, such as multidimensional…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2021-01-20 Bastian Rieck , Filip Sadlo , Heike Leitte

In this paper, we provide a generalization of the forward-backward splitting algorithm for minimizing the sum of a proper convex lower semicontinuous function and a differentiable convex function whose gradient satisfies a locally…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-06-29 Luis M. Briceno-Arias , Francisco José Silva , Xianjin Yang

This article investigates the probabilistic relationship between quantum classification of Boolean functions and their Hamming distance. By integrating concepts from quantum computing, information theory, and combinatorics, we explore how…

This paper develops meshless methods for probabilistically describing discretisation error in the numerical solution of partial differential equations. This construction enables the solution of Bayesian inverse problems while accounting for…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-12-20 Jon Cockayne , Chris Oates , Tim Sullivan , Mark Girolami

This paper presents a better approach to model an engineering problem in fractal-time space based on local fractional calculus. Some examples are given to elucidate to establish governing equations with local fractional derivative.

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2011-10-31 Xiao-Jun Yang

In backward error analysis, an approximate solution to an equation is compared to the exact solution to a nearby modified equation. In numerical ordinary differential equations, the two agree up to any power of the step size. If the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-07-21 Robert I McLachlan , Christian Offen

We introduce a new class of Frank-Wolfe algorithms for minimizing differentiable functionals over probability measures. This framework can be shown to encompass a diverse range of tasks in areas such as artificial intelligence,…

Computation · Statistics 2021-05-13 Carson Kent , Jose Blanchet , Peter Glynn

Recently Rubinfeld et al. (ICS 2011, pp. 223--238) proposed a new model of sublinear algorithms called \emph{local computation algorithms}. In this model, a computation problem $F$ may have more than one legal solution and each of them…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-12-01 Noga Alon , Ronitt Rubinfeld , Shai Vardi , Ning Xie

For a permutation $\pi$, and the corresponding permutation matrix, we introduce the notion of {\em discrete derivative}, obtained by taking differences of successive entries in $\pi$. We characterize the possible derivatives of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-08-13 Richard A. Brualdi , Geir Dahl

Higher-order probabilistic programming languages allow programmers to write sophisticated models in machine learning and statistics in a succinct and structured way, but step outside the standard measure-theoretic formalization of…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2020-12-03 Chris Heunen , Ohad Kammar , Sam Staton , Hongseok Yang

Basic aspects of differential geometry can be extended to various non-classical settings: Lipschitz manifolds, rectifiable sets, sub-Riemannian manifolds, Banach manifolds, Weiner space, etc. Although the constructions differ, in each of…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Nik Weaver

By approximating posterior distributions with weighted samples, particle filters (PFs) provide an efficient mechanism for solving non-linear sequential state estimation problems. While the effectiveness of particle filters has been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Xiongjie Chen , Yunpeng Li

Level proximal subdifferential was introduced by Rockafellar recently for studying proximal mappings of possibly nonconvex functions. In this paper a systematic study of level proximal subdifferential is given. We characterize variational…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-22 Honglin Luo , Xianfu Wang , Ziyuan Wang , Xinmin Yang

Previously, we have introduced a very small number of examples of what we call Ouroboros functions. Using our already established theory of Ouroboros spaces and their functions, we will provide a set of families of Ouroboros functions that…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2021-06-10 Nathan Thomas Provost

Machine learning pipelines often rely on optimization procedures to make discrete decisions (e.g., sorting, picking closest neighbors, or shortest paths). Although these discrete decisions are easily computed, they break the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Quentin Berthet , Mathieu Blondel , Olivier Teboul , Marco Cuturi , Jean-Philippe Vert , Francis Bach

We describe and study geometric properties of discrete circular and spherical means of directional derivatives of functions, as well as discrete approximations of higher order differential operators. For an arbitrary dimension we present a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-05-28 Alexander Belyaev , Boris Khesin , Serge Tabachnikov

The concept of local fractional derivative was introduced in order to be able to study the local scaling behavior of functions. However it has turned out to be much more useful. It was found that simple equations involving these operators…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-08-04 Kiran M. Kolwankar