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This paper describes a physics-based end-to-end software simulation for image systems. We use the software to explore sensors designed to enhance performance in high dynamic range (HDR) environments, such as driving through daytime tunnels…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Zhenyi Liu , Devesh Shah , Brian Wandell

We assess the accuracy of a smartphone camera simulation. The simulation is an end-to-end analysis that begins with a physical description of a high dynamic range 3D scene and includes a specification of the optics and the image sensor. The…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-31 Zheng Lyu , Thomas Goossens , Brian Wandell , Joyce Farrell

Driving simulators play a large role in developing and testing new intelligent vehicle systems. The visual fidelity of the simulation is critical for building vision-based algorithms and conducting human driver experiments. Low visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-22 Ekim Yurtsever , Dongfang Yang , Ibrahim Mert Koc , Keith A. Redmill

In this paper we describe a learned method of traffic scene generation designed to simulate the output of the perception system of a self-driving car. In our "Scene Diffusion" system, inspired by latent diffusion, we use a novel combination…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Ethan Pronovost , Kai Wang , Nick Roy

The development of software components for autonomous driving functions should always include an extensive and rigorous evaluation. Since real-world testing is expensive and safety-critical -- especially when facing dynamic racing scenarios…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-06-18 Tim Stahl , Johannes Betz

Autonomous driving system development is critically dependent on the ability to replay complex and diverse traffic scenarios in simulation. In such scenarios, the ability to accurately simulate the vehicle sensors such as cameras, lidar or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-26 Zhenpei Yang , Yuning Chai , Dragomir Anguelov , Yin Zhou , Pei Sun , Dumitru Erhan , Sean Rafferty , Henrik Kretzschmar

Physics driven image simulation allows for the modeling and creation of realistic imagery beyond what is afforded by typical rendering pipelines. We aim to automatically generate a physically realistic scene for simulation of a given region…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Scott Sorensen , Wayne Treible , Robert Wagner , Andrew D. Gilliam , Todd Rovito , Joseph L. Mundy

Existing lane-level simulation road network generation is labor-intensive, resource-demanding, and costly due to the need for large-scale data collection and manual post-editing. To overcome these limitations, we propose automatically…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Liang Xie , Wenke Huang

With the rapid advancement of autonomous driving technology, a lack of data has become a major obstacle to enhancing perception model accuracy. Researchers are now exploring controllable data generation using world models to diversify…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Xinqing Li , Ruiqi Song , Qingyu Xie , Ye Wu , Nanxin Zeng , Yunfeng Ai

Compositional neural scene graph studies have shown that radiance fields can be an efficient tool in an editable autonomous driving simulator. However, previous studies learned within a sequence of autonomous driving datasets, resulting in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Tianyu Liu , Hao Zhao , Yang Yu , Guyue Zhou , Ming Liu

The design and evaluation of complex systems can benefit from a software simulation - sometimes called a digital twin. The simulation can be used to characterize system performance or to test its performance under conditions that are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Zhenyi Liu , Devesh Shah , Alireza Rahimpour , Devesh Upadhyay , Joyce Farrell , Brian A Wandell

Synthesizing free-view photo-realistic images is an important task in multimedia. With the development of advanced driver assistance systems~(ADAS) and their applications in autonomous vehicles, experimenting with different scenarios…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-13 Zhuopeng Li , Lu Li , Zeyu Ma , Ping Zhang , Junbo Chen , Jianke Zhu

Driving simulation plays a crucial role in developing reliable driving agents by providing controlled, evaluative environments. To enable meaningful assessments, a high-quality driving simulator must satisfy several key requirements:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Junzhe Jiang , Nan Song , Jingyu Li , Xiatian Zhu , Li Zhang

Simulation systems have become an essential component in the development and validation of autonomous driving technologies. The prevailing state-of-the-art approach for simulation is to use game engines or high-fidelity computer graphics…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-30 Wei Li , Chengwei Pan , Rong Zhang , Jiaping Ren , Yuexin Ma , Jin Fang , Feilong Yan , Qichuan Geng , Xinyu Huang , Huajun Gong , Weiwei Xu , Guoping Wang , Dinesh Manocha , Ruigang Yang

Modern machine learning models for scene understanding, such as depth estimation and object tracking, rely on large, high-quality datasets that mimic real-world deployment scenarios. To address data scarcity, we propose an end-to-end system…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Sonia Laguna , Alberto Garcia-Garcia , Marie-Julie Rakotosaona , Stylianos Moschoglou , Leonhard Helminger , Sergio Orts-Escolano

Simulation is essential to validate autonomous driving systems. However, a simple simulation, even for an extremely high number of simulated miles or hours, is not sufficient. We need well-founded criteria showing that simulation does…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Changwen Li , Joseph Sifakis , Qiang Wang , Rongjie Yan , Jian Zhang

The development, benchmarking and validation of aerial Persistent Surveillance (PS) algorithms requires access to specialist Wide Area Aerial Surveillance (WAAS) datasets. Such datasets are difficult to obtain and are often extremely large…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-03-14 Elias J Griffith , Chinmaya Mishra , Jason F. Ralph , Simon Maskell

The goal of traffic simulation is to augment a potentially limited amount of manually-driven miles that is available for testing and validation, with a much larger amount of simulated synthetic miles. The culmination of this vision would be…

We present a controllable camera simulator based on deep neural networks to synthesize raw image data under different camera settings, including exposure time, ISO, and aperture. The proposed simulator includes an exposure module that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-10 Hao Ouyang , Zifan Shi , Chenyang Lei , Ka Lung Law , Qifeng Chen

Self-driving software pipelines include components that are learned from a significant number of training examples, yet it remains challenging to evaluate the overall system's safety and generalization performance. Together with scaling up…

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