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IoT networks are increasingly becoming target of sophisticated new cyber-attacks. Anomaly-based detection methods are promising in finding new attacks, but there are certain practical challenges like false-positive alarms, hard to explain,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-12 Ayyoob Hamza , Hassan Habibi Gharakheili , Theophilus A. Benson , Gustavo Batista , Vijay Sivaraman

This paper addresses network anomography, that is, the problem of inferring network-level anomalies from indirect link measurements. This problem is cast as a low-rank subspace tracking problem for normal flows under incomplete…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-06-21 Hiroyuki Kasai , Wolfgang Kellerer , Martin Kleinsteuber

Industrial anomaly detection faces significant challenges due to the scarcity of anomalous samples and the complexity of real-world anomalies. In this paper, we propose a foundation model-based anomaly synthesis pipeline (FMAS) that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Wensheng Wu , Zheming Lu , Ziqian Lu , Zewei He , Xuecheng Sun , Zhao Wang , Jungong Han , Yunlong Yu

Huge datasets in cyber security, such as network traffic logs, can be analyzed using machine learning and data mining methods. However, the amount of collected data is increasing, which makes analysis more difficult. Many machine learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-10-30 Antti Juvonen , Tuomo Sipola

With their widespread popularity, web services have become the main targets of various cyberattacks. Existing traffic anomaly detection approaches focus on flow-level attacks, yet fail to recognize behavior-level attacks, which appear…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Zhibo Dong , Yong Huang , Shubao Sun , Wentao Cui , Zhihua Wang

Detecting anomalies in large, distributed systems presents several challenges. The first challenge arises from the sheer volume of data that needs to be processed. Flagging anomalies in a high-throughput environment calls for a careful…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Anupam Panwar , Himadri Pal , Jiali Chen , Kyle Cho , Riddick Jiang , Miao Zhao , Rajiv Krishnamurthy

Real-time traffic monitoring is critical for network operators to ensure performance, security, and visibility, especially as encryption becomes the norm. AI and ML have emerged as powerful tools to create deeper insights from network…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Lukas Froschauer , Jonatan Langlet , Andreas Kassler

Software Defined Networking (SDN) has evolved to revolutionize next-generation networks, offering programmability for on-the-fly service provisioning, primarily supported by the OpenFlow (OF) protocol. The limited storage capacity of…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Ankur Mudgal , Abhishek Verma , Munesh Singh , Kshira Sagar Sahoo , Erik Elmroth , Monowar Bhuyan

The constant increase of devices connected to the Internet, and therefore of cyber-attacks, makes it necessary to analyze network traffic in order to recognize malicious activity. Traditional packet-based analysis methods are insufficient…

Traffic anomalies and attacks are commonplace in today's networks and identifying them rapidly and accurately is critical for large network operators. For a statistical intrusion detection system (IDS), it is crucial to detect at the…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Pin Ren , Yan Gao , Zhichun Li , Yan Chen , Benjamin Watson

Network administrators want to detect TCP-level packet reordering to diagnose performance problems and attacks. However, reordering is expensive to measure, because each packet must be processed relative to the TCP sequence number of its…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Yufei Zheng , Huacheng Yu , Jennifer Rexford

Robust change-point detection for large-scale data streams has many real-world applications in industrial quality control, signal detection, biosurveillance. Unfortunately, it is highly non-trivial to develop efficient schemes due to three…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-10-18 Ruizhi Zhang , Yajun Mei , Jianjun Shi

Real-time city-scale traffic analytics requires processing 100s-1000s of CCTV streams under strict latency, bandwidth, and compute limits. We present a scalable AI-driven Intelligent Transportation System (AIITS) designed to address…

Accuracy anomaly detection in user-level network traffic is crucial for network security. Compared with existing models that passively detect specific anomaly classes with large labeled training samples, user-level network traffic contains…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Tongtong Feng , Qi Qi , Lingqi Guo , Jingyu Wang

We present a real-time multivariate anomaly detection algorithm for data streams based on the Probabilistic Exponentially Weighted Moving Average (PEWMA). Our formulation is resilient to (abrupt transient, abrupt distributional, and gradual…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Kenneth Odoh

Modern traffic management systems increasingly adopt hierarchical control strategies for improved efficiency and scalability, where a local traffic controller mode is chosen by a supervisory controller based on the changing large-scale…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-30 Sanchita Ghosh , Tanushree Roy

In this work, we propose a new, fast and scalable method for anomaly detection in large time-evolving graphs. It may be a static graph with dynamic node attributes (e.g. time-series), or a graph evolving in time, such as a temporal network.…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-01-29 Volodymyr Miz , Benjamin Ricaud , Kirell Benzi , Pierre Vandergheynst

Unsupervised anomaly detection and localization is crucial to the practical application when collecting and labeling sufficient anomaly data is infeasible. Most existing representation-based approaches extract normal image features with a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-17 Jiawei Yu , Ye Zheng , Xiang Wang , Wei Li , Yushuang Wu , Rui Zhao , Liwei Wu

Identifying the largest K flows in network traffic is an important task for applications such as flow scheduling and anomaly detection, which aim to improve network efficiency and security. However, accurately estimating flow frequencies is…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Carolina Gallardo-Pavesi , Yaime Fernández , Javier E. Soto , Cecilia Hernández , Miguel Figueroa

Likelihood-based deep generative models have been widely investigated for Image Anomaly Detection (IAD), particularly Normalizing Flows, yet their strict architectural invertibility needs often constrain scalability, particularly in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Liangwei Li , Lin Liu , Hanzhe Liang , Juanxiu Liu , Jing Zhang , Ruqian Hao , Xiaohui Du , Yong Liu , Pan Li