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Related papers: The nitrogen carrier in protoplanetary disks

200 papers

We study the evolution of nitrogen in the Galactic halo, thick disc, thin disc and bulge by comparing detailed chemical evolution models with recent observations. The models used in this work have already been constrained to explain the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-09-22 Valeria Grisoni , Francesca Matteucci , Donatella Romano

Ethylene glycol ($\mathrm{(CH_2OH)_2}$, hereafter EG) and Glycolonitrile ($\mathrm{HOCH_2CN}$, hereafter GN) are considered molecular precursors of nucleic acids. EG is a sugar alcohol and the reduced form of Glycolaldehyde…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-28 Abubakar M. A. Fadul , Kamber R. Schwarz , Tushar Suhasaria , Jenny K. Calahan , Jane Huang , Merel L. R. van 't Hoff

Analyses of primitive meteorites and cometary samples have shown that the solar nebula must have experienced a phase of large-scale outward transport of small refractory grains as well as homogenization of initially spatially heterogeneous…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Alan P. Boss

We investigate where in protoplanetary disks magnetorotational instability operates, which can cause angular momentum transport in the disks. We investigate the spatial distribution of various charged particles and the unstable regions for…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Takayoshi Sano , Shoken M. Miyama , Toyoharu Umebayashi , Takenori Nakano

Context. Carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen are the most abundant elements throughout the universe, after hydrogen and helium. Studying these elements in low-metallicity stars can provide crucial information on the chemical composition in the…

The chemical reservoir within protoplanetary disks has a direct impact on planetary compositions and the potential for life. A long-lived carbon-and nitrogen-rich chemistry at cold temperatures (<=50K) is observed within cold and evolved…

HCN is a commonly observed molecule in Solar System bodies and in interstellar environments. Its abundance with respect to CN is a proposed tracer of UV exposure. HCN is also frequently used to probe the thermal history of objects, by…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-11-12 V. V. Guzmán , K. I. Öberg , R. Loomis , C. Qi

The deuterium enrichment of molecules is sensitive to their formation environment. Constraining patterns of deuterium chemistry in protoplanetary disks is therefore useful for probing how material is inherited or reprocessed throughout the…

Planets residing within the hot-Neptune Desert are rare, and studying their atmospheres can provide valuable insights into their formation and evolutionary processes. We present the atmospheric characterization of the first known ultra-hot…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-20 Li Zhou , Xinyue Ma , Bo Ma , Wei Wang , Chengzi Jiang , Enric Pallé , Yonghao Wang , Jinpeng Wang , Meng Zhai , Zewen Jiang , Qianyi Zou , Yujie Peng , Xuedong Gu , Qian Chen

We present a study of neutron-capture element abundances (Sr, Y, Zr, Ba, La, Ce, Nd, Pr, and Eu) in a large and homogeneous sample of 160 F-, G-, and K-type planet-host stars located in the northern hemisphere, including 32 stars in…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-14 A. Sharma , E. Stonkutė , A. Drazdauskas , R. Minkevičiūtė , Š. Mikolaitis , G. Tautvaišienė , U. Jonauskaitė

We examine changes in the molecular abundances resulting from increased heating due to a self-luminous planetary companion embedded within a narrow circumstellar disk gap. Using 3D models that include stellar and planetary irradiation, we…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-29 L. Ilsedore Cleeves , Edwin A. Bergin , Tim J. Harries

Direct observations of gaseous exoplanets reveals that their gas envelope is commonly enriched in C/O ratio compared to that of the host star. This has been explained by considering that the gas phase of the disc could be inhomogeneous,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-02-11 Thiabaud Amaury , Marboeuf Ulysse , Alibert Yann , Leya Ingo , Mezger Klaus

The material in planet-forming disks determines the composition of planets; hence, it is crucial to understand the physical and chemical processes that set the abundance and distribution of key volatiles. James Webb Space Telescope…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-09 Javiera K. Díaz-Berríos , Catherine Walsh , Ewine F. van Dishoeck

We report on results of an observing campaign to support the Juno mission. At the beginning of 2016, using TEXES (Texas Echelon cross-dispersed Echelle Spectrograph), mounted on the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF), we obtained data…

The abundance and distribution of ice in protoplanetary disks (PPD) is critical to understand the linkage between the composition of circumstellar matter and the composition of exoplanets. Edge-on PPDs are a useful tool to constrain such…

In this chapter we describe the remote sensing measurement of nitrogen-bearing species in Titan's atmosphere by the Composite Infrared Spectrometer (CIRS) on the Cassini spacecraft. This instrument, which detects the thermal infrared…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2013-03-14 Conor A. Nixon , Nicholas A. Teanby , Carrie M. Anderson , Sandrine Vinatier

Transition disks have dust-depleted inner regions and may represent an intermediate step of an on-going disk dispersal process, where planet formation is probably in progress. Recent millimetre observations of transition disks reveal…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-19 P. Pinilla , M. de Juan Ovelar , S. Ataiee , M. Benisty , T. Birnstiel , E. F. van Dishoeck , M. Min

Interpretations of exoplanetary transmission spectra have been undermined by apparent obscuration due to clouds/hazes. Debate rages on whether weak H$_2$O features seen in exoplanet spectra are due to clouds or inherently depleted oxygen.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-05-29 Ryan J. MacDonald , Nikku Madhusudhan

HCN molecules serve as an important tracer for chemical evolution of elemental nitrogen in the regions of star and planet formation. This is largely explained by the fact that N atoms and N$_2$ molecules are poorly accessible for the…

Complex organic molecules (COMs) in protoplanetary disks are key to understanding the origin of volatiles in comets in our solar system, yet the chemistry of COMs in protoplanetary disks remains poorly understood. Here we present Atacama…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-05 Yoshihide Yamato , Shota Notsu , Yuri Aikawa , Yuki Okoda , Hideko Nomura , Nami Sakai