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Measuring quantum observables by grouping terms that can be rotated to sums of only products of Pauli $\hat z$ operators (Ising form) is proven to be efficient in near term quantum computing algorithms. This approach requires extra unitary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-17 Zachary Pierce Bansingh , Tzu-Ching Yen , Peter D. Johnson , Artur F. Izmaylov

Graph states are entangled states that are essential for quantum information processing. As experimental advances enable the realization of large-scale graph states, efficient fidelity estimation methods are crucial for assessing their…

We present a simple quantum interactive proof (QIP) protocol using the quantum state teleportation (QST) and quantum energy teleportation (QET) protocols. QET is a technique that allows a receiver at a distance to extract the local energy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-18 Kazuki Ikeda , Adam Lowe

We consider the certification of temporal quantum correlations using the pseudo-density matrix (PDM), an extension of the density matrix to the time domain, where negative eigenvalues are key indicators of temporal correlations.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-25 Hongfeng Liu , Zhenhuan Liu , Shu Chen , Xinfang Nie , Xiangjing Liu , Dawei Lu

The problem of reliably certifying the outcome of a computation performed by a quantum device is rapidly gaining relevance. We present two protocols for a classical verifier to verifiably delegate a quantum computation to two…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-13 Andrea Coladangelo , Alex Grilo , Stacey Jeffery , Thomas Vidick

We present a protocol which allows a client to have a server carry out a quantum computation for her such that the client's inputs, outputs and computation remain perfectly private, and where she does not require any quantum computational…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-02-22 Anne Broadbent , Joseph Fitzsimons , Elham Kashefi

Given a suitably large and well connected (complex) graph state, any quantum algorithm can be implemented purely through local measurements on the individual qubits. Measurements can also be used to create the graph state: Path erasure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-06-09 Earl T. Campbell , Joseph Fitzsimons , Simon C. Benjamin , Pieter Kok

We propose a new composable and information-theoretically secure protocol to verify that a server has the power to sample from a sub-universal quantum machine implementing only commuting gates. By allowing the client to manipulate single…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-06 Daniel Mills , Anna Pappa , Theodoros Kapourniotis , Elham Kashefi

We introduce the Hidden Polynomial Function Graph Problem as a natural generalization of an abelian Hidden Subgroup Problem (HSP) where the subgroups and their cosets correspond to graphs of linear functions over the finite field F_p. For…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Thomas Decker , Pawel Wocjan

We propose a simple protocol for the verification of quantum computation after the computation has been performed. Our construction can be seen as an improvement on previous results in that it requires only a single prover, who is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-19 Tomoyuki Morimae , Joseph F. Fitzsimons

The performance of quantum algorithms for ground-state energy estimation is directly impacted by the quality of the initial state, where quality is traditionally defined in terms of the overlap of the input state with the target state. An…

One of the most promising applications of quantum computing is the processing of graphical data like images. Here, we investigate the possibility of realizing a quantum pattern recognition protocol based on swap test, and use the IBMQ noisy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-05 Sreetama Das , Jingfu Zhang , Stefano Martina , Dieter Suter , Filippo Caruso

With recent progress on experimental quantum information processing, an important question has arisen as to whether it is possible to verify arbitrary computation performed on a quantum processor. A number of protocols have been proposed to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-27 Joseph F. Fitzsimons , Michal Hajdušek

Packaged quantum states are gauge-invariant states in which all internal quantum numbers (IQNs) form an inseparable block. This feature gives rise to novel packaged entanglements that encompass all IQNs, which is important both for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-06 Rongchao Ma

Quantum signal processing (QSP) is a powerful toolbox for the design of quantum algorithms and can lead to asymptotically optimal computational costs. Its realization on noisy quantum computers without fault tolerance, however, is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-28 Yuta Kikuchi , Conor Mc Keever , Luuk Coopmans , Michael Lubasch , Marcello Benedetti

Quantum process tomography of each directly implementable quantum gate used in the IBM quantum processors is performed to compute gate error in order to check viability of complex quantum operations in the superconductivity-based quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-07 Abhishek Shukla , Mitali Sisodia , Anirban Pathak

Accurate and robust quantum process tomography (QPT) is crucial for verifying quantum gates and diagnosing implementation faults in experiments aimed at building universal quantum computers. However, the reliability of QPT protocols is…

Direct fidelity estimation is a protocol that estimates the fidelity between an experimental quantum state and a target pure state. By measuring the expectation values of Pauli operators selected through importance sampling, the method is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-09 Júlia Barberà-Rodríguez , Mariana Navarro , Leonardo Zambrano

Quantum information systems are on a path to vastly exceed the complexity of any classical device. The number of entangled qubits in quantum devices is rapidly increasing and the information required to fully describe these systems scales…

Sampling problems have emerged as a central avenue for demonstrating quantum advantage on noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices. However, physical noise can fundamentally alter their computational complexity, often making them…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-07 Sojeong Park , Changhun Oh