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Quantum computers are expected to offer substantial speedups over their classical counterparts and to solve problems that are intractable for classical computers. Beyond such practical significance, the concept of quantum computation opens…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-11-13 Stefanie Barz , Joseph F. Fitzsimons , Elham Kashefi , Philip Walther

Two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy (2DES) is a powerful tool for exploring quantum effects in energy transport within photosynthetic systems and investigating novel material properties. However, simulating the dynamics of these…

We establish a connection between continuous-variable quantum computing and high-dimensional integration by showing that the outcome probabilities of continuous-variable instantaneous quantum polynomial (CV-IQP) circuits are given by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-21 Juan Miguel Arrazola , Patrick Rebentrost , Christian Weedbrook

Quantum processes, such as quantum circuits, quantum memories, and quantum channels, are essential ingredients in almost all quantum information processing tasks. However, the characterization of these processes remains a daunting task due…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-16 Ye-Chao Liu , Jiangwei Shang , Xiao-Dong Yu , Xiangdong Zhang

Achieving quantum computational advantage requires solving a classically intractable problem on a quantum device. Natural proposals rely upon the intrinsic hardness of classically simulating quantum mechanics; however, verifying the output…

Quantum inspired protocols e.g. [AAV13,AG17] attempt to achieve a single-prover interactive protocol where a classical machine can verify quantum computations in an information-theoretically secure manner. We define a family of protocols…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-14 Ayal Green

In a series of recent works, an interesting quantum generative model based on parameterized instantaneous polynomial quantum (IQP) circuits has emerged as they can be trained efficiently classically using any loss function that depends only…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-09 Andrii Kurkin , Kevin Shen , Susanne Pielawa , Hao Wang , Vedran Dunjko

The widely held belief that BQP strictly contains BPP raises fundamental questions: if we cannot efficiently compute predictions for the behavior of quantum systems, how can we test their behavior? In other words, is quantum mechanics…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-17 Dorit Aharonov , Michael Ben-Or , Elad Eban , Urmila Mahadev

Blind quantum computation (BQC) is a secure quantum computation method that protects the privacy of clients. Measurement-based quantum computation (MBQC) is a promising approach for realizing BQC. To obtain reliable results in blind MBQC,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-21 Zihao Li , Huangjun Zhu , Masahito Hayashi

Continuous-variable quantum states are of particular importance in various quantum information processing tasks including quantum communication and quantum sensing. However, a bottleneck has emerged with the fast increasing in size of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-13 Ye-Chao Liu , Jiangwei Shang , Xiangdong Zhang

We train an instantaneous quantum polynomial-time (IQP) Born machine on real high-energy-physics calorimeter shower images at $64$ qubits and compile the trained model into a single sampling-hard IQP circuit for quantum deployment. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-28 Jamal Slim , Saverio Monaco , Florian Rehm , Dirk Krücker , Kerstin Borras

In recent years, the number of hybrid algorithms that combine quantum and classical computations has been continuously increasing. These two approaches to computing can mutually enhance each others' performances thus bringing the promise of…

Quantum computers are on the brink of surpassing the capabilities of even the most powerful classical computers. This naturally raises the question of how one can trust the results of a quantum computer when they cannot be compared to…

Quantum machine learning is one of the many potential applications of quantum computing, each of which is hoped to provide some novel computational advantage. However, quantum machine learning applications often fail to outperform classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-07 Gennaro De Luca , Andrew Vlasic , Michael Vitz , Anh Pham

We consider the computational model of IQP circuits (in which all computational steps are $X$ basis diagonal gates), supplemented by intermediate $X$ or $Z$ basis measurements. We show that if we allow non-adaptive or adaptive $X$ basis…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-11 Richard Jozsa , Soumik Ghosh , Sergii Strelchuk

It is known that several sub-universal quantum computing models, such as the IQP model, the Boson sampling model, the one-clean qubit model, and the random circuit model, cannot be classically simulated in polynomial time under certain…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-30 Tomoyuki Morimae , Suguru Tamaki

We present the first protocol allowing a classical computer to interactively verify the result of an efficient quantum computation. We achieve this by constructing a measurement protocol, which enables a classical verifier to use a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-11 Urmila Mahadev

While quantum speed-up in solving certain decision problems by a fault-tolerant universal quantum computer has been promised, a timely research interest includes how far one can reduce the resource requirement to demonstrate a provable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-01 Jacob Miller , Stephen Sanders , Akimasa Miyake

We propose an efficient scheme for verifying quantum computations in the `high complexity' regime i.e. beyond the remit of classical computers. Previously proposed schemes remarkably provide confidence against arbitrarily malicious…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-05-24 Richard Jozsa , Sergii Strelchuk

Efficient classical simulation of noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) circuits has been a topic of intense study over the past few years. The majority of results on efficient simulation assume that the circuits undergo some variant of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-23 Shravan Shravan , Mohsin Raza , Ariel Shlosberg