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A large fraction of an XML document typically consists of text data. The XPath query language allows text search via the equal, contains, and starts-with predicates. Such predicates can efficiently be implemented using a compressed…

Databases · Computer Science 2011-10-06 A. Arroyuelo , F. Claude , S. Maneth , V. Mäkinen , G. Navarro , K. Nguyen , J. Siren , N. Välimäki

Incorporating hierarchical structures like constituency trees has been shown to be effective for various natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, it is evident that state-of-the-art (SOTA) sequence-based models like the Transformer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-20 Xuan-Phi Nguyen , Shafiq Joty , Steven C. H. Hoi , Richard Socher

Succinct data structures give space-efficient representations of large amounts of data without sacrificing performance. They rely one cleverly designed data representations and algorithms. We present here the formalization in Coq/SSReflect…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-07-03 Reynald Affeldt , Jacques Garrigue , Xuanrui Qi , Kazunari Tanaka

The quadratic complexity of self-attention constrains Large Language Models (LLMs) in processing long contexts, a capability essential for many advanced applications. Context compression aims to alleviate this computational bottleneck while…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Yangning Li , Shaoshen Chen , Yinghui Li , Yankai Chen , Hai-Tao Zheng , Hui Wang , Wenhao Jiang , Philip S. Yu

We revisit tree compression with top trees (Bille et al, ICALP'13) and present several improvements to the compressor and its analysis. By significantly reducing the amount of information stored and guiding the compression step using a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-06-16 Lorenz Hübschle-Schneider , Rajeev Raman

In this article we present a protocol for building dense numeration in network with unknown topology. Additionally to a unique number each node as result of the protocol will get information about a spanning tree. This spanning tree is…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-04-03 Khuziev Ilnur

Data compression has been widely applied in many data processing areas. Compression methods use variable-size codes with the shorter codes assigned to symbols or groups of symbols that appear in the data frequently. Fibonacci coding, as a…

Performance · Computer Science 2007-12-19 R. Baca , V. Snasel , J. Platos , M. Kratky , E. El-Qawasmeh

Rank and select queries on bitmaps are essential building bricks of many compressed data structures, including text indexes, membership and range supporting spatial data structures, compressed graphs, and more. Theoretically considered yet…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-05-13 Szymon Grabowski , Marcin Raniszewski

The {\em wavelet tree} is a flexible data structure that permits representing sequences $S[1,n]$ of symbols over an alphabet of size $\sigma$, within compressed space and supporting a wide range of operations on $S$. When $\sigma$ is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-05-07 Francisco Claude , Gonzalo Navarro , Alberto Ordóñez

The Learnable Tree Filter presents a remarkable approach to model structure-preserving relations for semantic segmentation. Nevertheless, the intrinsic geometric constraint forces it to focus on the regions with close spatial distance,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Lin Song , Yanwei Li , Zhengkai Jiang , Zeming Li , Xiangyu Zhang , Hongbin Sun , Jian Sun , Nanning Zheng

We study the fundamental question of how efficiently suffix array entries can be accessed when the array cannot be stored explicitly. The suffix array $SA_T[1..n]$ of a text $T$ of length $n$ encodes the lexicographic order of its suffixes…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Dominik Kempa , Tomasz Kociumaka

Tree-structured neural networks encode a particular tree geometry for a sentence in the network design. However, these models have at best only slightly outperformed simpler sequence-based models. We hypothesize that neural sequence models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-11-10 Samuel R. Bowman , Christopher D. Manning , Christopher Potts

The Fenwick tree is a classical implicit data structure that stores an array in such a way that modifying an element, accessing an element, computing a prefix sum and performing a predecessor search on prefix sums all take logarithmic time.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-10-15 Stefano Marchini , Sebastiano Vigna

We present a novel compressed dynamic self-index for highly repetitive text collections. Signature encoding is a compressed dynamic self-index for highly repetitive texts and has a large disadvantage that the pattern search for short…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-04-25 Takaaki Nishimoto , Yoshimasa Takabatake , Yasuo Tabei

Motivation: As a fundamental task in bioinformatics, searching for massive short patterns over a long text is widely accelerated by various compressed full-text indexes. These indexes are able to provide similar searching functionalities to…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-04-19 Haoyu Cheng , Ming Wu , Yun Xu

Recently Kubica et al. (Inf. Process. Let., 2013) and Kim et al. (submitted to Theor. Comp. Sci.) introduced order-preserving pattern matching. In this problem we are looking for consecutive substrings of the text that have the same "shape"…

XML document markup is highly repetitive and therefore well compressible using dictionary-based methods such as DAGs or grammars. In the context of selectivity estimation, grammar-compressed trees were used before as synopsis for structural…

Databases · Computer Science 2010-12-30 Sebastian Maneth , Tom Sebastian

The sheer increase in volume of RDF data demands efficient solutions for the triple indexing problem, that is devising a compressed data structure to compactly represent RDF triples by guaranteeing, at the same time, fast pattern matching…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Raffaele Perego , Giulio Ermanno Pibiri , Rossano Venturini

Agentic large language model (LLM) training often involves multi-turn interaction trajectories that branch into multiple execution paths due to concurrent tool use, think-mode, sub-agent, context management and other runtime designs. As a…

Syntax has been shown to benefit Coreference Resolution from incorporating long-range dependencies and structured information captured by syntax trees, either in traditional statistical machine learning based systems or recently proposed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-23 Fan Jiang , Trevor Cohn